外文翻譯--建筑中的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及建筑材料-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-閱讀頁(yè)
2025-06-06 06:58本頁(yè)面
【正文】 de consideration for basic site conditions. At the schematic stage, it would also be helpful if the designer could visualize his or her options for achieving overall structural integrity and consider the constructive feasibility and economic of his or her scheme .But this will require that the architect and/or a consultant be able to conceptualize totalsystem structural options in terms of elemental detail .Such overall thinking can be easily fed back to improve the spaceform scheme. At the preliminary level, the architect’s emphasis will shift to the elaboration of his or her more promising schematic design options .Here the architect’s structural needs will shift to approximate design of specific subsystem options. At this stage the total structural scheme is developed to a middle level of specificity by focusing on identification and design of major subsystems to the extent that their key geometric, ponent, and interactive properties are established .Basic subsystem interaction and design conflicts can thus be identified and resolved in the context of totalsystem objectives. Consultants can play a significant part in this effort。 it can be poured, pumped, or even sprayed into all kinds of shapes. And whereas steel has great tensile strength, concrete has great strength under pression. Thus, the two substances plement each other. They also plement each other in another way: they have almost the same rate of contraction and expansion. They therefore can work together in situations where both pression and tension are factors. Steel rods are embedded in concrete to make reinforced concrete in concrete beams or structures where tensions will develop. Concrete and steel also form such a strong bond─ the force that unites them─ that the steel cannot slip within the 建筑工程 學(xué)院 土木工程 專業(yè) 08 土木 班 學(xué)生 鄧志明 外文翻譯 井岡山 大學(xué)外文翻譯用紙 concrete. Still another advantage is that steel does not rust in concrete. Acid corrodes steel, whereas concrete has an alkaline chemical reaction, the opposite of acid. The adoption of structural steel and reinforced concrete caused major changes in traditional construction practices. It was no longer necessary to use thick walls of stone or brick for multistory buildings, and it became much simpler to build fireresistant floors. Both these changes served to reduce the cost of construction. It also became possible to erect buildings with greater heights and longer spans. Since the weight of modern structures is carried by the steel or concrete frame, the walls do not support the building. They have bee curtain walls, which keep out the weather and let in light. In the earlier steel or concrete frame building, the curtain walls were generally made of maso
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