【正文】 gy. 液壓傳動出故障時不易找出原因；使用和維修要求有較高的技術(shù)水平。其中起密封作用的元件，即密封件。內(nèi)漏會引起液壓系統(tǒng)容積效率急劇下降，達(dá)不到所需要的工作壓力，甚至不能進(jìn)行工作。 Therefore, seals and sealing device is an important hydraulic equipment ponents. The reliability of its work and life, is a measure of the hydraulic system an important indicator of good or bad. In addition to the closed space, are the use of seals, so that two adjacent coupling surface of the gap between the need to control the liquid can be sealed following the smallest gap. In the contact seal, pressed into selfsealstyle and selfstyled selftight seal (ie, sealed lips) two. 因此，密封件和密封裝置是液壓設(shè)備的一個重要組成部分。除間隙密封外，都是利用密封件，使相鄰兩個偶合表面間的間隙控制在需要密封的液體能通過的最小間隙以下。 The three hydraulic system diseases 液壓系統(tǒng)的三 大頑疾 1, as a result of heat transmission medium (hydraulic oil) in the flow velocity in various parts of the existence of different, resulting in the existence of a liquid within the internal friction of liquids and pipelines at the sam e time there is friction between the inner wall, which are a result of hydraulic the reasons for the oil tempera ture. Temperature will lead to increased internal and external leakage, reducing its mechanical efficiency. At the same time as a result of high temperature, hydraulic oil expansion will occur, resulting in increased pression, so that action can not be very good control of transmission. Solution: heat is the inherent characte ristics of the hydraulic system, not only to minimize eradication. Use a good quality hydraulic oil, hydraulic piping arrangement should be avoided as far as possible the emergence of bend, the use of highquality pipe and fittings, hydraulic valves, etc. 發(fā)熱 由于傳力介質(zhì)（液壓油）在流動過程中存在各部位流速的不同，導(dǎo)致液體內(nèi)部存在一定的內(nèi)摩擦，同時液體和管路內(nèi)壁之間也存在摩擦，這些都是導(dǎo)致液壓油溫度升高的原因。同時由于較高的溫度，液壓油會發(fā)生膨脹，導(dǎo)致壓縮性增大，使控制動作無法很好的傳遞。使用質(zhì)量好的液壓油、液壓管路的布置中應(yīng)盡量避免彎頭的出現(xiàn)、使用高質(zhì)量的管路以及管接頭、液壓閥等。由于液壓油在管路中的高速流動而產(chǎn)生的沖擊以及控制閥打開關(guān)閉過程中產(chǎn)生的沖擊都是系統(tǒng)發(fā)生振動的原因。解決辦法：液壓管路應(yīng)盡量固定，避免出現(xiàn)急彎。整個液壓系統(tǒng)應(yīng)有良好的減振措施，同時還要避免外來振源對系統(tǒng)的影響。內(nèi)泄漏指泄漏過程發(fā)生在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部，例如液壓缸活塞兩邊的泄漏、控制閥閥芯與閥體之間的泄漏等。外泄漏是指發(fā)生在系統(tǒng)和外部環(huán)境之間的泄漏。泄漏到環(huán)境中的液壓油還有發(fā)生火災(zāi)的危險。 Another: the hydraulic system for the three diseases, it was summed up: fever, with a father 拉稀 (This is the summary of the northeast people). Hydraulic system for the lifts, excavators, pumping station, dynamic, crane, and so on largescale industry, construction, factories, enterprises, as well as elevators, lifting platforms, Deng Axle industry and so on. 另： 對于液壓系統(tǒng)這三大頑疾，有人進(jìn)行了總結(jié)：“發(fā)燒、拉稀帶得瑟”（這位總結(jié)者是東北人）。 Hydraulic ponents will be highperformance, highquality, high reliability, the system sets the direction of development。 the development of highly integrated high power density, intelligence, mechatronics and microlight minihydraulic ponents。 Hydraulic coupling to highspeed highpower and integrated development of hydraulic transmission equ ipment, development of water hydraulic coupling medium speed and the field of automotive applications to develop hydraulic reducer, improve product reliability and working hours MTBF。 Clutch fluid viscosity should increase the quality of products, the formation of bulk to the highpower and highspeed direction. 液力偶合器向高速大功率和集成化的液力傳動裝置發(fā)展，開發(fā)水介 質(zhì)調(diào)速型液力偶合器和向汽車應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域發(fā)展，開發(fā)液力減速器，提高產(chǎn)品可靠性和平均無故障工作時間；液力變矩器要開發(fā)大功率的產(chǎn)品，提高零部件的制造工藝技術(shù)，提高可靠性，推廣計算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)，開發(fā)液力變矩器與動力換檔變速箱配套使用技術(shù)；液粘調(diào)速離合器應(yīng)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，形成批量，向大功率和高轉(zhuǎn)速方向發(fā)展。 pneumatic ponents and electronic technology, to the intelligent direction of development。 (1) used highpressure hydraulic ponents and the pressure of continuous work to reach 40Mpa, the maximum pressure to achieve instant 48Mpa。 （ 2）調(diào)節(jié)和控制方式多樣化； (3) to further improve the regulation performance, increase the efficiency of the powertrain。 （ 4）發(fā)展與機(jī)械、液力、電力傳動組合的復(fù)合式調(diào)節(jié)傳動裝置； (5) development of energy saving, energy efficient system function。 （ 6）進(jìn)一步降低噪聲； (7) Application of Hydraulic Cartridge Valves thread technology, pact structure, to reduce the oil spill. （ 7）應(yīng)用液壓螺紋插裝閥技術(shù)，緊湊結(jié)構(gòu)、減少