【正文】 . A similar experiment was conducted with 104participants and Goldfish crackers（餅干）, this time negotiating an airline39。A meal taken at home.B.A meal consumed by oneself.A meal taken in a family atmosphere.（2）For what purpose did the researchers carry out the present experiments? A.To prove sharing food increases petition.C.To find out whether sharing food can get people close emotionally.（3）Why were participants asked to eat up the snack before the game? A.B.To hide the intention of the experiment.To avoid the distraction during the game.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了外交宴席的心理學 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result.”他們形成了一套理論，認為一方面，與他人一起吃飯可能表明糧食短缺，并加強了競爭的概念?？芍猣amilystyle指的是與別人一起用餐，故選B。根據第二段中的“However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會導致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動合作性的行為。可知選C。根據第三段中的“As a cover for the experiment, all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began.”作為實驗的掩護，所有受試者都得告在游戲開始前就要吃完這些零食。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并結合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。 Escaping predators (食肉動物), digestion and other animal activities—including those of humans—require oxygen. But that essential ingredient is no longer so easy for marine life to obtain, several new studies reveal. A warming ocean loses oxygen for two reasons: First, the warmer a liquid bees, the less gas it can hold. That is why carbonated drinks go flat faster when left in the sun. Second, as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth. Aside from food web problems, animals face various other physiological challenges as their bodies adjust to lower oxygen levels. Chinese shrimp (蝦) move their tails less vigorously to preserve energy in lower oxygen environments. Some creatures, such as jellyfishes, are more tolerant of low oxygen than others are. But all animals will feel the impact of deoxygenation because they all have evolved their oxygen capacity for a reason, says Oschlies. Any drop in oxygen is going to damage survivability and performance, he says.（1）According to the first two paragraphs, what worries scientists the most? A.The survival of predators and various marine animals.C.The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.（2）Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean? A.Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.C.Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.（3）What can be inferred from the passage? A. natural territories.B.Not all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.D.The Oxygen Levels of Marine LifeOcean Warming Affects Food WebC.The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了海洋氧含量下降是一個與氣候變化有關的令人擔憂的趨勢。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。一些最近的研究表明，在過去的50年里，一些熱帶地區(qū)的氧氣含量下降了驚人的40%。所以根據前兩段，科學家最擔心的是變暖的海洋中日益惡化的脫氧現象。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。這個過程會形成一種冰蓋，它可以防止水流將地表水混合到海洋更深的深度。所以表面的極地冰水阻止氧氣下沉是海洋缺氧的原因之一。 （3）考查推理判斷。這些調整可能使動物暴露在新的掠食者面前，或迫使它們進入食物匱乏的地區(qū)。故判斷出海洋脫氧改變了一些動物的自然領地。 （4）考查主旨大意。所以短文主要是圍繞著海洋氧含量下降而展開的。故選D。7．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. s past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of mon flies in it, record two interglacial periods(間冰期)in northwest Greenland. This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland39。s ice sheet might respond to manmade global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world, said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today, said Axford.s Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica39。s ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sealevel rise.s warming speed can help researchers better predict Greenland39。s scientists to find ancient lake deposits. are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today. measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud. holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage? Used to Be Much Greener Once Experienced Warm Periods Cities Warned of Coming Disasters Greenland, A Perfect Destination【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在古代沉積物中發(fā)現的一條微小線索揭開了格陵蘭島過去和未來氣候的大秘密。現在研究人員認為，格陵蘭北部的冰蓋經歷了比之前認為的更強烈的變暖。根據第一段中的“The mud, and remains of mon flies in it, record two interglacial periods（間冰期）in northwest Greenland.”在格陵蘭島西北部，泥漿和常見蒼蠅的殘骸記錄了兩次間冰期；以及第二段中的“Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. ”盡管研究人員很早就知道這兩個時期——全新世早期和最后一次間冰期——在北極經歷了變暖，但混合的蠅類表明格陵蘭島甚至比之前認為的還要熱。故選C。根據第三段中的“This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland39。故選B。根據第三段中的“After