【正文】 an replace the underlined word in paragraph 5? out. up. in. on.（4）The title of the passage should be . Caused by the Development of New Delhi Pollution Envelops New Delhi Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，隨著城市的發(fā)展和越來越多的人口流動(dòng)，城市規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大，印度的新德里成為世界上污染最嚴(yán)重的城市。 （1）考查推理判斷。s most polluted city.” 新德里每年都會(huì)被污染吞沒，隨著天氣變冷，汽車和以煤為基礎(chǔ)的發(fā)電廠排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飄動(dòng)的灰塵，以及鄰國(guó)農(nóng)作物秸稈燃燒產(chǎn)生的煙霧，都會(huì)形成濃霧?？芍?，政府盡管發(fā)誓解決這種污染，但情況不僅沒有改變，反而更加嚴(yán)重，使得人們必須佩戴防毒口罩。故選B。根據(jù)第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期間，由于能見度低，數(shù)百架航班被迫改道、延誤和取消，學(xué)校和辦公室周一關(guān)閉，官員們緊急采取措施，試圖扭轉(zhuǎn)不斷惡化的空氣質(zhì)量。由此可知，由于污染嚴(yán)重，學(xué)校、大學(xué)、醫(yī)院和市場(chǎng)分發(fā)了數(shù)百萬個(gè)防污染口罩。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。因?yàn)樘鞖庾兝?，從汽車和以煤為基礎(chǔ)的發(fā)電廠“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的霧霾。由此可判斷“emitted”是排放的意思。 （4）考查主旨大意。雖然政府發(fā)誓解決污染問題，但周末的能見度低，數(shù)百架航班在周末改道、延誤和取消，學(xué)校和辦公室周一關(guān)閉，人們必須戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被嚴(yán)重的污染所籠罩。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made all his worldshaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them. Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always e with age ——there are plenty of foolish middleaged people about ——but the average person tends to learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible。 how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is basically a waste of time because it is not.（1）According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result in________. of hard work of the brain experience deep understanding of the nature（2）Some people achieve success much later in life because . work often requires much experience do not have a chance to show their talents have to learn lessons from failures fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work（3）The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that s creativity encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty provides the right direction of efforts（4）The writer came to believe that 除了頭腦敏銳和經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富外，智慧也非常重要，因?yàn)橹腔蹫槿藗兲峁┝苏_的努力方向。 （1）考查推理判斷。在某些類型的活動(dòng)中，人類的大腦在20歲早期處于巔峰狀態(tài),... 我們知道阿爾伯特用余生來整理和安排這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。 （2）考查推理判斷?？赏茢喑鲇行┤嗽谕砟耆〉贸晒κ且?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ髦型枰芏嘟?jīng)驗(yàn)。 （3）考查推理判斷。學(xué)習(xí)成為智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；學(xué)習(xí)有可能但又很困難的東西，以至于不值得一個(gè)人為了達(dá)到目的而付出所有的努力。由此可推斷出智慧的重要性在于智慧能讓人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即為人提供正確的努力方向。 （4）考查推理判斷。學(xué)習(xí)有可能但又如此困難的東西，以至于不值得一個(gè)人為了達(dá)到目的而付出所有的努力。人們可以讀到和聽到很多關(guān)于如何使世界變得更美好的理想主義的東西.......由此可推斷出聰明的人必須運(yùn)用智慧來決定最好要做什么事。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you39。If this is you, you39。 mouths water? t tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆蟲學(xué)) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it39。Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻擊對(duì)象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. That39。Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations (濃度). t get bitten as much ... as adults, US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert. t pregnant. According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (視覺), people wearing dark colors are more likely to bee targets. t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists remend that we use insect repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) and wear lightcolored clothing.（1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article? seeking out bright clothes. identifying different blood types. sensing an increase of carbon dioxide. following bigger crowds.（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes? larger size helps mosquitoes to see them. breathe out more CO2. are more likely to sweat. body temperatures are higher.（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes? regularly. lightcolored clothing. your skin dry and clean. indoors in the evening.（4）What39。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。它們通過聞人和動(dòng)物呼出的二氧化碳來鎖定目標(biāo)；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子開始飛向有二氧化碳的地方，當(dāng)它們感知到高濃度的二氧化碳時(shí)，就保持逆流飛行，可知，蚊子通過感知二氧化碳的增加來鎖定目標(biāo)。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。t pregnant.”對(duì)二氧化碳的喜歡使得孕婦很容易被蚊子咬，因?yàn)樗齻儽日Ｏ嗤挲g，相同