【正文】 do【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類的大腦在20歲左右于巔峰，在以后的成就多數(shù)是因為需要豐富的經(jīng)驗。除了頭腦敏銳和經(jīng)驗豐富外，智慧也非常重要，因為智慧為人們提供了正確的努力方向。人們要用智慧來決定做什么才是最好的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his worldshaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，16歲以后，我們的腦細(xì)胞數(shù)量開始以每年幾百萬的速度減少。在某些類型的活動中，人類的大腦在20歲早期處于巔峰狀態(tài),... 我們知道阿爾伯特愛因斯坦在20到25歲之間做出了所有震驚世界的發(fā)現(xiàn)。用余生來整理和安排這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)對愛因斯坦所的發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，他的偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在2025歲之間，更是印證了人類大腦在20年代初達到了巔峰，可推斷出，本段主要研究人類大腦巔峰期，故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他類型的活動中(作家可能是其中一種)，經(jīng)驗比頭腦的敏捷更重要，人們通常會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人在他一生的晚期才達到頂峰?？赏茢喑鲇行┤嗽谕砟耆〉贸晒κ且驗樗麄兊墓ぷ髦型枰芏嘟?jīng)驗。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏銳的頭腦和豐富的經(jīng)驗外，還有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。學(xué)習(xí)成為智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；學(xué)習(xí)有可能但又很困難的東西，以至于不值得一個人為了達到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應(yīng)的，以及人們希望他們?nèi)绾涡袨楹头磻?yīng)的。由此可推斷出智慧的重要性在于智慧能讓人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即為人提供正確的努力方向。故選D。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成為智者，要大體上知道什么是不可能的。學(xué)習(xí)有可能但又如此困難的東西，以至于不值得一個人為了達到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是學(xué)習(xí)人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應(yīng)的，以及人們希望他們?nèi)绾涡袨楹头磻?yīng)的。人們可以讀到和聽到很多關(guān)于如何使世界變得更美好的理想主義的東西.......由此可推斷出聰明的人必須運用智慧來決定最好要做什么事。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you39。re being eaten alive within minutes of stepping outdoors. If this is you, you39。re not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes39。 mouths water? A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can39。t tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆蟲學(xué)) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it39。s not plicated. The two most important reasons a mosquito is attracted to you have to do with sight and smell. Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻擊對象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. That39。s why you monly find them in crowded streets and parks. Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations (濃度). As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time – generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. This is why kids don39。t get bitten as much ... as adults, US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert. This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren39。t pregnant. In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes. According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (視覺), people wearing dark colors are more likely to bee targets. Being bitten by mosquitoes is annoying, but don39。t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists remend that we use insect repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) and wear lightcolored clothing.（1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article? seeking out bright clothes. identifying different blood types. sensing an increase of carbon dioxide. following bigger crowds.（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes? larger size helps mosquitoes to see them. breathe out more CO2. are more likely to sweat. body temperatures are higher.（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes? regularly. lightcolored clothing. your skin dry and clean. indoors in the evening.（4）What39。s the article mainly about? new finding about mosquitoes. people can avoid mosquito bites. popular myth about mosquitoes. some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么有些人可以整個夏天坐在戶外乘涼卻不被蚊子叮咬，而有些人一出門就好像要被蚊子吃掉一樣。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. ”飛的時候，它們用嗅覺發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。它們通過聞人和動物呼出的二氧化碳來鎖定目標(biāo)；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子開始飛向有二氧化碳的地方，當(dāng)它們感知到高濃度的二氧化碳時，就保持逆流飛行，可知，蚊子通過感知二氧化碳的增加來鎖定目標(biāo)。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第七段“This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren39。t pregnant.”對二氧化碳的喜歡使得孕婦很容易被蚊子咬，因為她們比正常相同年齡，相