【正文】 life to teaching mathematics knowledge, let students experience mathematics on the side, everywhere in the life mathematics, with positive attitude in learning, experience the “number sense”.強化口算。如：360247。9247。2=20，在這個簡算的過程中，運用了三項口算。因此，要提高小學(xué)生的計算能力，就必須從強化口算能力抓起，把口算訓(xùn)練當(dāng)作一項常規(guī)工作來抓。s puting power, it must grab from strengthening oral ability, oral training as a routine particular way is:（1）每天利用35分鐘時間訓(xùn)練口算。(1)using 35 minutes daily oral the teaching, I every day in the classroom use of 35 minutes oral training, or ShiSuan or listen to calculate, or, in the case of a homework to copy one or two off type calculation problem, marking and feedback in time every day, gradually improve the students39。像20以內(nèi)的加減法、表內(nèi)乘法、120的平方數(shù)等，都要求學(xué)生熟記，達到脫口而出的程度。如：一個數(shù)與“11”相乘，“兩邊一拉，中間一加，滿十向前一位進一”；一個數(shù)與2125相乘，都可以運用巧算方法：(2)memory and some monly used data coincidence counting addition and subtraction, multiplication table within 20, 120 square number, etc., require students to memorize and to the point of blurt the same time, often teach students some clever calculate way, also can make its calculation speed is greatly as: is multiplied by a number from “11”, “on both sides of a pull, a middle, ten a into a” forward。210* 24 present 2 * 5 = 1032425=324247。81000+125409 * 125 = 408 * 125 + 125 = 408 present 8 x 1000 + 125還有一些除法試商法：差數(shù)試商法、同頭無除商八九法（當(dāng)被除數(shù)和除數(shù)最高位上的數(shù)字相同時，俗稱“同頭”，被除數(shù)的前幾位比除數(shù)小，且除數(shù)與被除數(shù)次高位上的數(shù)的差不超過最高位時，可直接用八與九試商）、中數(shù)試商法、折半試商法等等，這些都是學(xué)生快算所必須掌握的基本方法。記得一位心理學(xué)家說過：首次感知新知識時，進入大腦的信息可以有受前攝抑制的干擾，能在學(xué)生的大腦皮層留下深刻的印象。因此，教師必須充分備課，選擇最優(yōu)方案，以期達到良好的教學(xué)效果。 brain if the first perception is not accurate, the adverse consequences in the short term is difficult to , the teacher must fully preparation, select the optimal scheme, in order to achieve good teaching ，要提倡算法多樣化。提倡算法多樣化，也要注意方法的優(yōu)化，對于學(xué)生想出的每一種正確方法都給予肯定，說服學(xué)生放棄自己的落后繁瑣觀點，去遵循優(yōu)秀、簡潔的方法，這樣才能使自己的思維能力不斷提高。In students is clear, on the basis of to promote diversity algorithm isn39。t know why”, at the same time cultivate students39。如一個房間的大小、從家到學(xué)校的距離、某樓房的高度、有經(jīng)驗有漁民判斷某片水域里魚的數(shù)量等。同時，加強估算，可以加深學(xué)生對數(shù)字的認識，促進數(shù)感的培養(yǎng)，增強應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)的意識，提高解決實際問題的能力。t get or there is no need to get the precise result or judgment, is employed to estimate as the size of a room, the distance from home to school, a building height, experienced fishermen who judge a number of fish in the water, to the cultivation of students39。 thinking more flexible, but also for the cultivation of the students39。在實際計算中，根據(jù)情況把兩個數(shù)同時估大或同時估小，或一個估大一個估小，以便口算為宜。如：1, the approximate the actual calculation, according to the number two at the same time for large or for small at the same time, or a big one for small forecast, so that verbal arithmetic is process, because the student39。35≈4000247。如計算人數(shù)、租車數(shù)量、鋪地買磚等，都必須是整數(shù)，且得采用“進一法”；用鐵皮做鐵盒，鐵盒必須是整數(shù)，且得使用“去尾法”。Do with tin tin box, tin box must be an integer, and must use the “method” to ，最有效的方法是讓學(xué)生在實際生活中鍛煉，在處理具體問題中提高。Mathematics es from life and serves life, and the calculation is the important means to solve the problem of real 、呈現(xiàn)方式生活化。如在教學(xué)364時，我以如下方式導(dǎo)入：一件上衣36元錢，買4件這樣的上衣需要多少錢？這種賦計算式題予生活的方法，學(xué)生非常樂于接受。生活中處處有數(shù)學(xué)，如上街購買衣物，大約需要帶多少錢，需要估算；準(zhǔn)備購買多少件物品，也需要統(tǒng)計和計算，所以，要教育學(xué)生留意身邊數(shù)學(xué)。同時，也要用所學(xué)過的估算、巧算等方法幫著大人算一算，以提高自己的計算能力。Ready to buy how many pieces of goods, also need to statistics and putation, so paying conscious attention to mathematics education to along with the parents to buy food, pay special attention salesman is how to quickly calculate the learned at the same time, also want to use the methods of estimation, qiao is help to calculate a calculate, in order to improve their puting 、養(yǎng)成教育不容忽視良好的習(xí)慣，直接影響著計算的速度和準(zhǔn)確率。Good habits and directly affects the calculation speed and the teaching, I found that students39。由于書寫不規(guī)范而造成計算錯誤的現(xiàn)象屢見不鮮，如由于把“5”連筆寫，計算下一步時就誤看成了“8”；把“7”潦草地寫成了“1”，而造成計算結(jié)果錯誤。1, written in the error caused by writing is not standard phenomenon, such as due to the “5” cursive writing, when calculating the next step is mistakenly identified as “8”。這是快速、準(zhǔn)確計算的關(guān)鍵。2, serious is the key to the rapid and accurate every putational problems, don39。t miss your job”, I can39。驗算既是一種習(xí)慣，也是一種能力。3, diligently is a