【正文】 o sides, there are the sun, the moon, the Polaris, and the Big Dipper, posing a small celestial flowing water splashing on the grass links together the figure of the whole embossment to show the strong culture connotation of the union of the space, the earth, and the Platform on Tanzi Ling壇子嶺觀景臺(tái)Here we are the sightseeing platform at the top of the Tanzi Ling, and here is the best place to view the entire construction , we ca see the main dam, where was former main navigation next to the south bank is the 3 phase site of the Three Gorges Project, where will set the right bank generation look at the further city at the mountainside of the opposite bank, it’s the new city of Zigui reserved water has submerged the old national government chose the mountainside as the new city site, and kept 30 thousand immigrants from places below the 175meter water look to the downstream, you will find the entire construction of the permanent ship here is the place “when standing at the top summit, we will see how small the surroundings are”.185 Sightseeing StandThe so called 185 sightseeing stand is the start place of the main dam, which got the name from its height of 185 we are here, and I will give you a brief introduction to this main , please allow me to ask you a question: how many dams have been finished in the world? Maybe we all know there are too many, but no exact the material aspect, all these dams can be sorted in two types: one is earth rockfill dam made from earth, grit and rocks。but the solidified dam will shrink and cool, if limited, the shrink will cause large cracks are very dangerous for the concrete dam, so there must some cool measures for the concrete traditional measure was firstly from is to add cool aggregate and ice while mixing the concrete and place water pipes inside the dam for water a result, the builders call this “Feed Ice and Water for Concrete Dam”.Sightseeing Stand at the Dam TopLadies and gentlemen, please look down the dam, the extra water or flood will discharged by this discharge dam at the middle of the main discharge dam is 483 in length, consisting of 23 deep outlets, 22 overflows and 22 bottom bottom outlets have been submerged since the first water reserve in June of , the speed of the water column from the deep outlet can reach 110 km/h, even 120 km/h when eater level equals to 175 at this high speed water, maybe everyone would worry about the down stream’s safety if the dam was destroyed in Three Gorges Project is located at the center of China main land, with dam height of 185 m, and total reservoir capacity of billion can effectively control the flood and contribute to the economy and social war took place in China, the Project would be one of main during the construction period, engineers were well considering its early as October of 1958, former Premier Zhou Enlai established rules for dam security in details: With location in the central china and giant body, the concrete gravity dam is strong enough for conventional arms except nuclear , there are certain measures in case of nuclear , approved by hundreds of model test, the downstream gorges and watercourse are long and bend enough to decrease the flow speed and later, the water will flow into bill areas where speed and power are decreased the water will be controlled in case of emergency, most water in reservoir can be empted to prevent main dam from Memorial ParkThe damming memory park is located in the right bank of the main dam, covering an area of 90,000 will take you back to the great historical damming moment by site remains show, scene play, video illustration, and historical records , Chairman Mao Zedong described the plan “To rebuild the steles, to remove the clouds among Wu Mountains, and make a lake among high gorges mountains”.And now, all these have e the steps of Da Yu, thousands of builders have dammed the Yangtze 3 times within 37 km in Xiling gorge, and successfully built 2 main now, all of us can even image the plex technology and hard we are setting foot in this memorial park, sharing both top records in the world and the theme of spirit for builders to work all out in heave memorial park consists of material section, technology exhibit section, acting section, and tour amp。The three damming project in the Yangtze River, are not only the proud of the Chinese people, but also a resplendent new page in the world hydropower developing ’ll stop here and return to our coach by transfer bus, please follow me with your transfer ：大家好！歡迎您到三峽大壩參觀游覽！下面我將通過介紹，使大家對(duì)工程有一個(gè)較為全面的了解。先讓我們來(lái)確認(rèn)一下我們目前所處的方位吧！剛才各位途徑享有“公路博物館”之美譽(yù)的三峽工程專用公路、壩區(qū)主干道江峽大道后，經(jīng)過了永久船閘，—壇子嶺。因此，壇子嶺作一個(gè)永久性的觀景臺(tái)，隨時(shí)歡迎您的到來(lái)。宏偉的長(zhǎng)江三峽工程主體建筑物由橫跨長(zhǎng)江的攔河大壩、位于其中段的泄洪壩段、左右岸發(fā)電廠房及通航建筑物組成。壩頂是溝通江南與江北的公路，寬度為15米，大壩底部寬度為124米，如果您從側(cè)面看這個(gè)大壩剖面，它呈現(xiàn)為直角梯形，大壩的海拔高程與185平臺(tái)等高，為海拔185米。中段的泄洪壩段長(zhǎng)483米，22個(gè)溢流表孔（寬為8米，堰頂高程156米，主要作用是泄洪）與23個(gè)溢流深孔（7米9米，孔底高程為90米，主要作用是沖沙。黃陵廟的木柱上就留下了當(dāng)時(shí)的水跡，這為我們的三峽工程的設(shè)計(jì)提供了珍貴的水文質(zhì)料。所以在大壩竣工之后，荊江河段的防洪標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將大大提高。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)丹江口水電站的發(fā)電量。水能是清潔的可再生能源，不會(huì)消耗自然資源和造成環(huán)境污染。工程的第三大部分包括兩個(gè)永久性的通航建筑物，一個(gè)是大家剛才路過的永久船閘（既雙線五級(jí)船閘），另一個(gè)是單線一級(jí)垂直升船機(jī)。每個(gè)小閘室的尺寸大小與宜昌市葛洲壩二號(hào)船閘的尺寸相同，長(zhǎng)280米，寬34米，最小水深為5米，船經(jīng)過一次葛洲壩二號(hào)船閘時(shí)間至少為30分鐘，那么連續(xù)過五級(jí)葛洲壩二號(hào)船閘，從時(shí)間上看至少要兩個(gè)半小時(shí)了。如果說船過永久船閘類似人慢慢地爬樓梯的話，那么垂直升船機(jī)便類似人們乘坐電梯了。垂直升船機(jī)有一個(gè)巨大的承船箱（有效尺寸為長(zhǎng)120米，寬18米，）當(dāng)船到來(lái)的時(shí)候?qū)㈤l門打開，讓船和水安全進(jìn)入承船箱內(nèi)部，閘門關(guān)閉，依靠我們?cè)谏戏桨惭b的八臺(tái)卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)提供動(dòng)力，通過192根縱橫交錯(cuò)的鋼纜將船、水、人、承船箱一齊提升或下降113米，前后不過30—40分鐘便可過壩，但是垂直升船機(jī)的最大承重量是11800噸（超過目前最大的同類設(shè)施——比利時(shí)攔海大壩提升機(jī)的7800噸），所以它一次性只能提升一只三千噸以下的小船，三千噸以上的大船和萬(wàn)噸級(jí)船隊(duì)還是要從永久船閘駛過。從航運(yùn)效率上來(lái)說，在上游水庫(kù)的江面上，從宜昌至重慶航程便可節(jié)約5—6個(gè)小時(shí)，而且將來(lái)萬(wàn)噸級(jí)船隊(duì)就可以全年從武漢市直達(dá)重慶市，長(zhǎng)江將成為一條名副其實(shí)的“黃金水道”。自古以來(lái)“蜀道難，難于上青天”之說，就包括江水行船的艱難。同時(shí)由于水庫(kù)的調(diào)節(jié)，宜昌以下的枯水量從目前的3000立方米/秒左右增加到5000立方米/秒以上，從而增加中游荊江河段的枯水航深，有利于航道的維護(hù)和船舶運(yùn)行?？v觀三峽工程主體建筑，可以看出，長(zhǎng)江三峽工程具有三大顯著的綜合效益：防洪、發(fā)電、航運(yùn)。三峽庫(kù)區(qū)對(duì)周圍地區(qū)氣候有明顯的調(diào)節(jié)作用，冬季氣溫對(duì)庫(kù)區(qū)柑桔生長(zhǎng)有利，夏季降溫對(duì)緩解重慶、萬(wàn)縣等地氣溫有利。通過發(fā)展水庫(kù)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)和旅游業(yè)，將有力促進(jìn)改三峽庫(kù)區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。大壩壩址終于選在長(zhǎng)江三峽西陵峽中段的宜昌三斗坪鎮(zhèn)，距下游的反調(diào)節(jié)水庫(kù)葛洲壩水路距離是38公里。三峽工程總工期長(zhǎng)達(dá)17年，從1993—2009年我們把它分為三期工程。在三峽大壩的下游方向，有座設(shè)計(jì)美觀的大橋—西陵長(zhǎng)江大橋，其造型與美國(guó)西海岸的舊金山金門跨海大橋類似。它的特點(diǎn)是沒有橋憞，由兩根塔柱及兩根鋼纜來(lái)承擔(dān)重量，其載重量為290噸，橋身全身為1118。5米，只比未來(lái)的大壩高出2。也許各位已經(jīng)注意到了，這座橋的顏色為橘紅色，那么為什么我們要將橋身的顏色定為橘紅色呢