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的人學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)會(huì)有很大幫助。如: Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。如: What she likes is watching (to watch) children play. 我最的就是看孩子玩耍。如: My wish is to bee a famous pianist. 我的愿望就是成為一名著名的鋼琴家。現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征,回答 how的問(wèn)題,其主語(yǔ)可以是具體的人或物。 The story is very exciting. 這個(gè)故事很令人激動(dòng)。如: They were deeply moved to hear the old man’s story. 聽(tīng)到老人的故事,他們被深深地打動(dòng)了。 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài),分詞前可以加 very等程度副詞,后面一般不用 by引起的短語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)概念不強(qiáng)。如: The shop is closed. 商店關(guān)門(mén)了。 (被動(dòng) ) 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式相同。現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不作表語(yǔ)。 (動(dòng)名詞 ) I was teaching the children maths when you passed by. 你經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)我正教孩子數(shù)學(xué)。 (分詞式形容詞 ) 四、不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語(yǔ)往往指具體的或一次性的行為,而動(dòng)詞的 ing形式則指概括性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或體驗(yàn)。如: I like reading/to read China Daily. 我喜歡讀中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)。如: ( 1) try: try to do ; try doing 事。 Let’s try telling him about the sad news. 咱們?cè)囍堰@個(gè)不幸的消息告訴他。 I really regret missing/having missed his lecture. 我沒(méi)能聽(tīng)他的講座真感到遺憾。 ( 3) can’t help: can’t help doing ; can’t help (to) do sth. 不能幫忙干 … I couldn’t help shaking with so few clothes on. 穿這么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。 ( 4) mean: mean to do sth. 想做; mean doing 。 Revolution means liberating the productive forces. 革命意味著解放生產(chǎn)力。如: I fot telling him about the news. 我忘了曾把那件事告訴過(guò)他。 ( 6) go on: go on doing (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)); go on to do (強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的轉(zhuǎn)接) The old man went on doing his work after a short rest. 那位老人稍作休息便又干起手中的活。 ( 7) remember: remember doing/having done/ to have done sth. 指記著做過(guò)的事; remember to do 。 I still remember being taken to the Science Museum for the first time. 我仍記得第一次被帶到博物館的情景。如: We stopped (in order /so as) to have a rest. 他停下來(lái)休息了一會(huì)。 ( 9)動(dòng)詞 want, need, require, deserve作“需要”解時(shí)后接不定式被動(dòng)式或動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式。如: Your paper needs checking/to be checked again. 你的試卷需要再檢查一遍。使用這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),不定式前不能再加引出的邏輯主語(yǔ);不定式的動(dòng)作在時(shí)間概念上必須后于前面的動(dòng)詞,否則就應(yīng)用賓語(yǔ)從句。能跟這類(lèi)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有: know, see, deicde, tell, ask, advise, consider, discover, explain, guess, hear, learn, think, observe, wonder, understand等。 I couldn’t decide whether to work another year or change my job. 我不能決定是在這里再干一年還是換一個(gè)工作。如: He thought it an honour to have been invited to dinner. 被邀來(lái)參加晚宴我感覺(jué)是一種榮耀。 動(dòng)名詞常作介詞賓語(yǔ),而不定式作 but, except等少數(shù)介詞的賓語(yǔ),但“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”短語(yǔ)可作許多介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 I had nothing to do but stay home for another year, waiting for a chance. 我沒(méi)法只好在家里又呆了一年,等著機(jī)會(huì)的到來(lái)。 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、主語(yǔ)是物而不是人或后接感覺(jué)性動(dòng)詞