微生物培養(yǎng)基culturalmedium-在線瀏覽
2025-02-02 00:52本頁(yè)面
【正文】 of their sustenance and growth requirements. 碳源 carbon sources ? Carbon source is one of main position of media. ? The functions are: providing carbons and energy。蛋白質(zhì)、氨基酸也可用作碳源。 有機(jī)酸 anic acids ? Some microbes can use anic acids as carbon sources, such as lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid. ? pH of cultural medium will increase. CH3COONa + O2 ? 2CO2 + H2O + NaOH 烴和醇類(lèi) hydrocarbon and ethanol ? 石油及裂解產(chǎn)物如正烷烴也可用作 carbon sources. ? 自然界中能同化乙醇的微生物和能同化糖質(zhì)的微生物一樣普遍。 ? 有機(jī)氮源 anic nitrogen sources 常用的 : 花生餅、棉子餅、玉米漿、玉米蛋白粉、蛋白胨、酵母粉、魚(yú)粉、蠶蛹粉、尿素、廢菌絲體和酒糟等。 ? 有些微生物對(duì)氨基酸有特殊的需求。 玉米漿 Cornsteep Liquor ? Cornsteep liquor is the water extract byproduct resulting from the steeping (浸泡 ) of corn during the mercial production of corn starch and other corn products. ? Of the 50% solids of cornsteep liquor, nearly half is lactic acid. The rest includes amino acids, glucose and other reducing sugars, salts, vitamins, and precursors (前體 )such as those for the penicillin molecule. ? The high lactic acid content of cornsteep liquor results from the growth of lactic acid bacteria during its manufacture. ? This variation in position, at times, can lead to poor reproducibility of an industrial fermentation. ? 尿素 urea ? Urea is also a monly used nitrogen source. ? Its feature: single ponent, no nutritional feature of plex nitrogen sources。 ? 纈氨酸、半胱氨酸和 ?是合成青霉素和頭孢菌素的主要前體；甘氨酸可作為 L絲氨酸的前體等。 ? When their concentration is low, they show a stimulation function for cell grow and product synthesis. When their concentration is high, they will inhibit the cell growth. ? Their optimal concentrations depend on the species and strains. 無(wú)機(jī)鹽成分一般所用的濃度范圍 成分 濃度 g/L 成分 濃度 g/L KH2PO4 MgSO44H2O ~ ~ ~ 5 ~17 ~ ZnSO4 H 2O CuSO4 2H2O ~ ~ ~ ~ ? These elements are added into cultural media in the form of their salts. ? Except synthetic media, cobalt鈷 , copper, iron, manganese錳 , zinc, molybdenum鉬 are not added into crude media. ? Phosphorus element is one of nucleic acids and proteins position, one ponent of ATP, energy transfer. ? Phosphorus can stimulate microbial growth and metabolism. But it inhibits cell growth when its concentration is high. ? 許多 次級(jí)代謝 過(guò)程對(duì)磷酸鹽濃度的承受限度比生長(zhǎng)繁殖過(guò)程低，故必須嚴(yán)格控制。 ? 常以 硫酸鎂 的形式加入培養(yǎng)基。 ? 硫是某些產(chǎn)物如青霉素、頭孢菌素等分子的組成部分，在培養(yǎng)基中加入 Na2SO4等含硫化合物作硫源。 ? In ironmade fermentor, generally iron ion concentration can be 30 181。 ? 在啤酒生產(chǎn)中， 20－ 60mg/ml 的 氯對(duì)酶和酵母有一定的促進(jìn)作用。鉀離子是許多酶的激活劑，能促進(jìn)糖代謝。 ? 培養(yǎng)基中鈣鹽過(guò)多時(shí) ， 會(huì)形成磷酸鈣沉淀 。 鋅 、 鎂 、 鈷 、 錳 等是某些酶的輔基或激活劑 。
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