【正文】
s a branch of macrolinguistics, dealing with puter processing of human language. It includes the analysis of language data so as to establish the order in which learners acquire various grammatical rules or the frequency of occurrence of some particular item。 it includes electronic production of artificial speech and the automatic recognition of human speech。 it also includes text processing and munication between people and puters. Chapter Eight Language and Computer 2 Computerassisted language learning (CALL) (P32126) CAI/CAL vs. CALL (P32122) CAI CAI (shortened form of puterassisted instruction) (計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué) ) refers to the use of a puter in a teaching program. This may include: a. A teaching program which is presented by a puter in a sequence. The student responds on the puter, and the puter indicates whether the responses are correct or incorrect. b. The use of puters to monitor student progress, to direct students into appropriate lessons, material, etc. this is also called putermanaged instruction. CAI aims at seeing educational problems on the part of the teacher. Chapter Eight Language and Computer CAL CAL (shortened form of puterassisted learning) (計(jì)算機(jī)輔助學(xué)習(xí) ) refers to the use of a puter in both teaching and learning in order to help the learner achieve educational objectives. The first kinds of CAL programs which were developed reflected principles similar to programmed instruction. The puter leads the student through a learning task stepbystep, asking questions to check prehensi