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屋脊及天溝ridge and valley封檐板fascia board坡面hip 封山板barge board桁架梁girder桁架梁的上下桿件總是平行的top and bottom members of a girder are always parallel屋架truss屋架的上下桿件是不平行的top and bottom members of a truss are not parallel雜項(xiàng)various 臺(tái)座pedestal勒腳plinth基座base面磚墻裙half tiled wall踢腳板skirting坡道ramp平臺(tái)裝飾平臺(tái)platform loading platform混凝土工程concrete work混凝土的種類(lèi)types of concrete 按制作區(qū)分differentiation by manufacture現(xiàn)澆混凝土castinsite concrete in site concrete預(yù)拌混凝土readymixed concrete預(yù)制混凝土precast concrete預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土prestressed concrete清水混凝土exposed concrete按所用材料區(qū)分by ponents used低標(biāo)號(hào)混凝土lean concrete鋼筋混凝土reinforced concrete礦渣混凝土slag concrete卵石混凝土shingle concrete按用途區(qū)分by function大體積混凝土mass concrete爐渣混凝土breeze concrete基礎(chǔ)用混凝土foundation concrete成分ponents 細(xì)骨料fine aggregate粗骨料coarse aggregate水泥cement水water水泥種類(lèi)type of cement 天然水泥natural of cement標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水泥standard specification cement、specification cement礦渣水泥slag cement坡特蘭水泥Portland cement普通硅酸鹽水泥ordinary Portland cement早強(qiáng)硅酸鹽水泥high early strength Portland cement快硬硅酸鹽水泥rapid hardening Portland cement鐵波特蘭水泥iron Portland cement礦渣硅酸鹽水泥blast furnace cement注:水泥應(yīng)為硅酸鹽水泥,正常凝固時(shí)間應(yīng)符合規(guī)范要求notes:Cement shall be Portland cement normal setting to standard specification水泥應(yīng)儲(chǔ)藏在防風(fēng)雨的房屋內(nèi)并置于墊高的、不透水的地面上storage of cement in a weather proof building on a raised impervious floor骨料aggregate 顆粒級(jí)配grading細(xì)骨料fine aggregate純凈的天然河砂washed natural river sand由礫石磨成的砂粒sand derived from crushing gravel山砂pit sand砂應(yīng)有西至粗均勻級(jí)配,最大粒徑為5mm其中10-30%應(yīng)通過(guò)52目篩,通過(guò)100目篩者不得超過(guò)10%notes:sand shall be evenly graded from fine to coarse particles to maximum3/16″(5mm) of which 1030% should pass through a sieve of 52 meshes per square inch and not over 10% should pass through a sieve of 100 meshes per .砂應(yīng)為堅(jiān)實(shí)的砂粒顆粒,不得含有灰塵、泥土、動(dòng)植物和其他有機(jī)物sand shall be gritty,hard particles free from dust、clay、animal、vegetable or other organic mater 粗骨料coarse aggregate 石料stone礫石gravel毛石rubble石屑chips扁礫石shingles卵石pebbles注:粗骨料應(yīng)為堅(jiān)實(shí)、耐久、清潔的石料,其粒徑級(jí)配有3/16吋至2吋notes:coarse aggregate shall be hard 、sound 、durable and clean stone in graduations forms 3/16″to2″ 所有史料不得含有砂、灰塵、鹽類(lèi)、石灰、瀝青、泥土或其他有害物質(zhì) all stone shall be free from sand、dust、salt、lime、bitumen、slay、or other deleterious matter混凝土攪拌mixing of concrete 配料batching體積比volume batching重量比weight batching稠度consistency水灰比watercement ratio混凝土28天強(qiáng)度concrete stress after 28 days試塊test cube坍落度試驗(yàn)slump test由攪拌而引起的體積損失為177。建筑類(lèi)常用詞匯英文對(duì)照匯總建筑architecture房屋建筑structural architecture室內(nèi)建筑interior architecture園林建筑landscape architecture環(huán)境建筑environmental architecture建筑物的一些類(lèi)型some types of building住宅house home dwelling錯(cuò)層式住宅splitlevel house 坡地住宅stepped hillside house 半獨(dú)立式住宅semidetached home 聯(lián)列式住宅區(qū)terracehouse development 別墅bungalow cottage 公寓flat apartment 單身公寓bachelor 棚屋shack shanty shed hut 娛樂(lè)中心recreation center 室內(nèi)游泳池indoor swimming pool 多層建筑multistorey block 高層建筑highrise block 商業(yè)建筑business premises建筑師承擔(dān)以下工作an architect renders the following services 設(shè)計(jì)design 初步設(shè)計(jì)preliminary design 施工設(shè)計(jì)final design 草圖sketch 圖紙drawing 鋼筋混凝土梁設(shè)計(jì)design of a reinforced concrete beam 質(zhì)量管理supervision 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)質(zhì)量管理site supervision 工程質(zhì)量管理project supervision預(yù)算師quantity surveyors預(yù)算師的工作a quantity surveyor’s service are 概預(yù)算estimates確定工作量determination of quantities編制工程量表preparation of bills of quantities組織投標(biāo)request for tenders(quotations、bids)簽訂合同award of contracts結(jié)算accounting設(shè)計(jì)工作一覽表list of planning work performed by由建筑師承擔(dān)的工作the architect方案草圖preliminary sketch初步設(shè)計(jì)preliminary design位置圖key plan、block plan總體規(guī)劃圖master plan 總圖general layout詳圖設(shè)計(jì)detail design施工圖working design詳圖detail drawing預(yù)留孔洞圖recess drawing現(xiàn)場(chǎng)質(zhì)量管理site supervision驗(yàn)收f(shuō)inal approval進(jìn)度表time schedule由結(jié)構(gòu)工程是承擔(dān)的工作the engineer 靜力計(jì)算static calculation 模板圖formwork drawing 配筋圖reinforcement drawing由預(yù)算師承擔(dān)的工作the quantity surveyor 工程量表bills of quantities 組織投標(biāo)calling for tenders 合同contracts 付款程序payment schedule由顧問(wèn)承擔(dān)的工作the consultant 可行性研究feasibility study expert’s opinion 專(zhuān)家意見(jiàn)expert’s survey expert’s report建筑名詞architectural terms 未完工建筑unfinished building建筑系數(shù)coverage 建筑占地面積covered area 建筑體積cubage、cubical content 居住面積living area 商業(yè)面積mercial area 住宅區(qū)residential area 住宅區(qū)方案housing scheme 住宅小區(qū)housing colony 創(chuàng)建工程turn-key project 工業(yè)區(qū)industrial area 工業(yè)發(fā)展區(qū)industrial development 建筑造價(jià)building costs 分期付款progress payment 末次付款final payment圖紙drawing 、plan 繪制圖紙to prepare a drawing 平面圖plan 局部平面圖part plan 索引圖key plan 布置圖layout 北立面圖north elevation 剖面圖cross section 、transversal section 縱剖圖longitudinal section 視圖view 全景圖panoramic view 軸測(cè)圖isometric view 鳥(niǎo)瞰圖bird’seye view 仰視圖worm’seye view 透視圖perspective view 圖簽caption of a drawing 圖名subject 工程項(xiàng)目project 圖號(hào)drawing number 比例scale 日期date 制圖drawing by 校對(duì)checked 審核approved by 修改revision 更正correction 詳圖及施工圖detail amp。 working drawing 方案設(shè)計(jì)及地形測(cè)量圖scheme designs amp。42%volume loss due to mixing 177。大體積混凝土用1:3水泥砂漿,細(xì)石混凝土及鋼筋混凝土用1:2水泥砂漿notes:remove pockets of loose gravel and fill resulting voids and other holes with approved cement mortar 1:3 for mass concrete and cement mortar 1:2 for fine and reinforced concrete鋼筋reinforcement .=reinforced concrete 鋼筋骨架reinforcement cage鋼筋網(wǎng)片mesh reinforcement steel fabric受拉鋼筋tensile reinforcement受壓鋼筋pressive reinforcement受剪鋼筋shear reinforcement鋼筋保護(hù)層concrete cover各位置保護(hù)層的凈厚度均為25mm clear cover is to be provided板中不小于in slabs not less than梁端不小于ends of beam梁底不小于soffits of beams梁側(cè)不小于sides of beams柱不小于columns注:任何情況下鋼筋保護(hù)層厚度不應(yīng)小于所保護(hù)的鋼筋直徑notes:in no case shall the concrete cover be less than the diameter of the rod to be covered鋼筋種類(lèi)types of reinforcement bars 主筋main bar架立筋spacer bar連接筋splice bar錨固筋anchor barU型筋Ushaped barL型筋Lshaped bar吊裝鋼筋erection bar插接鋼筋starter bar承受吊裝應(yīng)力的鋼筋reinforcement for stresses occurring during erection work定位鋼筋stay開(kāi)口鋼箍support鋼筋座chair