【正文】 著的作用。根據(jù)第一段中的 “For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles.”可知，很多人認(rèn)為電梯不值得注意，它不會(huì)給人帶來熱情和興趣，但是 Dr. Christopher Wilk 認(rèn)為這是一種誤解。 68. B 【解析】作者意圖題。 69. C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 C項(xiàng)中的 “Little physical space”與 Bernard 談及的 “closeness”相吻合。根據(jù)最后一段中的 “America?s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine?s “2020 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a 飛揚(yáng)英語之 高考 閱讀 解析精品 品味高考閱讀 提高閱讀理解能力 5 force that?s being more important than ever.”可知，然而電梯在城市的發(fā)展中扮演著重要角色。s time or money could be better spent on something else. Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities. Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost. For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must fo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make betterinformed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there39。s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time. In the business world, a popular phrase is value for money. People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: value for time. The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions. 58. According to the passage, the concept of opportunity cost is applied to______. A. making more money B. taking more opportunities C. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities 59. The leftover ... time in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time______. A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friends C. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going to watch the match 60. What are fone opportunities? A. Opportunities you fet in decisionmaking. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones. C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for. 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。 58. D 【解析】 猜測(cè)詞義 題。s time or money could be better spent on something else.”可 知， the concept of opportunity cost 指人們是否能把時(shí)間或金錢更好地利用在其他事上，所以它用在衡量機(jī)會(huì)的選擇。根據(jù)第三段中的 “Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends?”可知去體育場(chǎng)看球賽花錢，來回的途中又花時(shí)間，倒不如在家里用省下來時(shí)間和金錢和朋友吃飯。 60. B 【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解 題。 (2020 江西卷 ) D Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one?s personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a person?s ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead a better way of doing things. All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things. However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, efficiency es with a price. When munication bees efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes. With the munication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person?s presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off. With efficiency also es mass production. Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today. Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done. However, with the improvements in efficiency also es the loss of the personal touch when making these products. For example, many handcrafts (手工藝品 ) are now produced in a factory. Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item. Nevertheless, we must not mit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view. In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up. It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old. It is people?s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society. Technology is flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything depends on people?s attitude. The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society.