【正文】 的 4箱降價(jià) 5%，其余降價(jià) %，為此損失達(dá) 8萬(wàn)美元。對(duì)此， C公司同意承擔(dān) 4箱碰損貨物的損失，理由是除 4箱貨物之外的降價(jià)是 B公司自己與英國(guó) A公司的協(xié)商所致，與已無(wú)關(guān)。 ? 審理結(jié)果： C運(yùn)輸公司僅承擔(dān) 4箱碰損貨物的降價(jià)損失，賠償 。 (六 )EXW(Ex works)+出口國(guó)指定地 ? 在 EXW條件下，賣(mài)方按合同規(guī)定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，將符合合同規(guī)定的貨物置于買(mǎi)方處置之下。 ? EXW是賣(mài)方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、責(zé)任最小的術(shù)語(yǔ)。 ? DEQ是真正的到岸價(jià)。 責(zé)任劃分相同。 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移的時(shí)間不同。 對(duì)賣(mài)方提供單據(jù)要求不同。 運(yùn)輸和保險(xiǎn)的性質(zhì)和內(nèi)容不同。 ? DDP是賣(mài)方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、責(zé)任最大的貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)。 ? New classification to help choosing the most suitable rule in relation to the mode of transport。 ? Information on securityrelated clearances for shipments。s agent) picks up the goods at the exporter39。 the official Incoterm is silent on that specific point. EXWorks (EXW) Exporter39。s Responsibilities ? Exporter ? Makes the goods available to the buyer ? Packages the goods for international travel ? Assists in the export clearance procedures (custom office) ? Provides the documents to the importer so that the goods can clear Customs in the importing country or be insured. ? Importer ? Is responsible for all the other aspects of the shipment Free Carrier (FCA) Definition and Application ? For goods shipped multimodal or air (not for ocean shipping) ? Oriented toward containerization ? Exporter delivers goods to carrier that importer has selected. ? Responsibility shifts from exporter when goods are delivered to carrier’s vehicle, either at exporter’s plant or carrier’s premises. ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: FCA [City where merchandise is delivered to carrier] For example: FCA Castres, France Free Carrier (FCA) Delivery ? The delivery takes place when either of two conditions are met: ? If the named point in the Incoterm refers to the exporter39。s truck. ? If the named point in the Incoterm refers to the carrier39。s truck by the carrier and at the carrier39。s truck or delivers it to the carrier39。s and Importer39。s rail (multimodal transportation). ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: CPT [City of Delivery] For example: CPT K246。s and Importer39。s rail (multimodal transportation) ? The amount insured must be at least 110 percent of the value of the goods. ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: CIP [City of Delivery] For example: CIP Sofia, Bulgaria ? The delivery does not take place in the city of destination, but in the city where the exporter delivers the goods to the carrier. Carriage and Insurance Paid To (CIP) Delivery ? Delivery takes place when: ? The exporter hands over the goods to the carrier in the exporting country ? The exporter is given a bill of lading or equivalent document Variant ? The variant “CIP unloaded” clarifies that the exporter agrees to pay to have the goods unloaded in the port of destination. ? The variant “CIP full cover” clarifies that the exporter agrees to provide full insurance coverage on the shipment. Delivered at Frontier (DAF) Definition and Application ? For any merchandise, but specifically refers to land transportation ? Transfer of responsibility from exporter to importer is at the point (city) named in Incoterm. ? Usually, the goods remain on vehicle to final destination. ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: DAF [Border City or Border Crossing Point] For example: DAF Nogales, Arizona, USA Delivered at Frontier (DAF) Delivery ? The delivery takes place when the merchandise, still on the truck or the railroad car, is placed at the disposal of the importer at the border city. Exporter39。s Responsibilities ? Exporter ? Packages the goods for export ? Pays for transportation until the border city ? Importer ? Pays for transportation from the border city to the final destination ? Clears Customs Delivered Duty Unpaid (DDU) Definition and Application ? The DDU Incoterm can be used for any merchandise, and can be used for any means of transportation. ? The DDU Incoterm is meant to be used when the exporter is willing to perform most of the tasks involved in a shipment, up to the city named in the Incoterm, with the exclusion of Customs clearance and duty payment. ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: DDU [City of Delivery] For example: DDU Xi39。s and Importer39。 it is meant to be used when the exporter is willing to shoulder all of the responsibilities of an international shipment, including clearing Customs in the importing country. ? This Incoterm should be used with the following syntax: DDP [City of Delivery] For example: DDP Karlsruhe, Germany Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) Delivery ? The delivery takes place when the exporter places the goods at the disposal of the importer in the city of delivery mentioned in the Incoterm. Exporter39。s Responsibilities ? Exporter: ? Assumes all responsibilities in a DDP shipment ? Importer ? Only has the responsibility to receive the goods at delivery and unload them Electronic Data Interchange ? Electronic Data Interchange is the electronic delivery of mercial and shipping documents. ? EDI usage is still fairly new and limited to developed countries. ? There is no universal standard for EDI, which has slowed the adoption of this technique. Avoid Errors in Incoterm Usage ? Incoterms confusio