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and owing to ,要求買方向賣方支付已到期尚未支付的賬款余額?! ircumstance 釋義:circumstance在普通英語中指環(huán)境,情景。如aggravating/mitigating circumstance加重/減輕情節(jié),legal circumstance法定情節(jié)等。如claim damages要求損害賠償金,claim on the insurance 進(jìn)行保險索賠,reject a claim拒絕一項(xiàng)索賠請求等。如Notices or other munications required to be given by one Party pursuant to this Agreement shall be written in ?! omposition 釋義:position在普通英語中的常見意思為作文,結(jié)構(gòu),在法律英語中的意思為和解協(xié)議,指指債務(wù)人與全部或至少相當(dāng)一部分債權(quán)人達(dá)成的此類協(xié)議?! oncession 釋義:concession指(政府授予的)特許權(quán),特許經(jīng)營權(quán),如BOT project concession period consists two parts: concession period limit and concession period length. BOT項(xiàng)目特許權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議中有關(guān)特許期的約定涉及兩部分內(nèi)容,包括特許期限定和特許期長度。如Each party agrees to protect the other’s Confidential Information at all times and in the same manner as each protects the confidentiality of its own proprietary and confidential materials.各方同意,在任何時候都以保護(hù)自身專有資料和機(jī)密資料相同的方式保護(hù)另一方的機(jī)密信息。如Party A agrees to pay RMB 5000yuan in consideration for the service rendered by Party 。 Construe 釋義:construe是法律英語中的重要單詞,意思是解釋,即對法律、合同等法律文件的內(nèi)容作出解釋,與interpret意思相同?! onstruction 釋義:construction在普通英語中的最常見含義是“建設(shè),構(gòu)建”,“construction of the country”(國家建設(shè))。如construction of the contract in accordance with the law(根據(jù)法律規(guī)定解釋合同),strict construction of the law(對法律的嚴(yán)格解釋)等?! ontribution 釋義:contribution是公司法中常用的一個單詞,意思是出資,不同于其在普通英語中的意思(貢獻(xiàn)、投稿、捐贈),如When a Party (the “Disposing Party”) wishes to transfer all or part of its registered capital contribution to a third party, it shall provide a written notice (the “Notice”) to the other Party (the “NonDisposing Party”).一方(“轉(zhuǎn)讓方”)欲將其全部或部分注冊資本出資額轉(zhuǎn)讓給第三方時,應(yīng)向另一方(“非轉(zhuǎn)讓方”)提供書面通知(“通知”)。另一個意思是創(chuàng)設(shè),通常指權(quán)利的設(shè)定,如The effect of all this is that, on the creation and sale of the Bankers’ Acceptance, the Borrower receives a sum of money and, on the later maturity date, the Borrower pays back a slightly higher sum of money. 全部這種做法的效果在于,在設(shè)立和售出銀行承兌時,借方收到一筆錢款,而在以后的到期日,借方付還一筆略高的錢款。Custom在法律英語中有“慣例、慣例法”的意思,如custom and usage(慣例、習(xí)慣法)?! amages 釋義:damages在法律英語中表示損害賠償金,要注意用的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,如果用單數(shù),則表示損害?! ebenture 釋義:debenture的意思是債券,通常指的是無擔(dān)保債券。 declaration 釋義:declaration在法律英語中常用作申報,如customs declaration報關(guān),export declaration出口申報,ine tax declaration個稅申報等?! ischarge 釋義:discharge在法律英語中的常用含義有兩個: ?、俾男?,側(cè)重于對具體義務(wù)的履行,相當(dāng)于fulfill,如 He discharged his obligations after the call of the creditors。 ?、诿獬疵獬说牧x務(wù)或債務(wù)。 他對銀行的借款償還義務(wù)因其破產(chǎn)而免除。一般來說,如果主語是自己(如例證1),就理解為履行,動作由別人發(fā)出(如例證2),則理解為免除。如Either party may, at its sole discretion, assign the whole or any part of the contract or any benefit or interest in or under the contract, provided a prior notice of the same shall be given to the other ,或轉(zhuǎn)讓本合同項(xiàng)下的利益和權(quán)益,但應(yīng)提前通知合同另一方?! istress 釋義:distress在法律英語中的常用意義為扣押物,如abuse the distress濫用扣押物,distress sale扣押物出售等。另一個意思是匯票,如承兌匯票也可以是honor a draft,開具匯票可以說是issue a draft等?! ffective 釋義:effective在法律英語中的常見含義是有效的,生效的,如Notices given by personal delivery shall be deemed effective on the date of personal delivery,provided that receipt shall be acknowledged in writing by the receiving ,但收件方應(yīng)書面確認(rèn)已收到通知。如“Encumbrances”include any option,right to acquire,right of preemption,mortgage,charge,pledge,lien,hypothecation, title creation,right of setoff,counterclaim,trust arrangement or other security or any equity or restriction (including any relevant restriction imposed under the relevant law).“權(quán)利負(fù)擔(dān)”包括期權(quán)、收購權(quán)、優(yōu)先權(quán)、抵押、押記、質(zhì)押、留置、押匯、所有權(quán)的產(chǎn)生、抵付權(quán)、反訴、信托安排或其他擔(dān)保、或股權(quán)、限制(包括有關(guān)法律規(guī)定的任何有關(guān)限制)。如The failure of either party, in any one or more instances, to enforce any of the terms of this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of future enforcement of that or any other ,則不應(yīng)被解釋為協(xié)議放棄了將來對其強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行此項(xiàng)條款和其它條款的權(quán)利。 enter into 釋義:enter into僅僅用在法律英語中,且通常在合同中出現(xiàn),表示合同的鼎力?! ntrust 釋義:entrust的含義是委托、信托?! quity 釋義:equity的意思是股權(quán),既不同于股票,也不同于出資,而是股票或出資所代表的權(quán)益,如equity interest權(quán)益,equity transfer agreement股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議,private equity非上市公司的股權(quán)等。 execute 釋義:execute是法律英語中常用也是比較容易出錯的單詞,通常理解為合同的簽訂等。很多人容易把它理解為執(zhí)行,這是錯誤的?! inancing 釋義:financing的意思是融資,不是金融(finance),也不是形容詞經(jīng)濟(jì)的(financial),注意把三個單詞區(qū)分開來?! orthwith 釋義:forthwith在法律英語中的含義是立即,馬上,相當(dāng)于immediately,但由于法律英語文體的莊重性,一般不用immediately替換。 Futures 釋義:futures也可以稱得上是一個經(jīng)濟(jì)詞匯,其含義是期貨。這個詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式在法律英語中表示期貨,即買賣雙方約定在將來某一時間交割的商品或證券、外匯等,如futures sales(期貨交易),futures contract(期貨合同),futures market(期貨市場)等。 Grace 釋義:grace是法律和經(jīng)濟(jì)等專業(yè)英語中用的都較多的一個單詞,意思是(還款)寬限期,如day of grace, grace period寬限期等?! ndemnify 釋義:indemnify是法律英語尤其是合同中一個常用單詞,意思是補(bǔ)償、賠償,比pensate(補(bǔ)償)的含義要廣泛。 infant/minor 釋義:infant的一般含義是嬰兒,但在法律英語中表示未成年人, contract made by the an infant is voidable in accordance with the Chinese law.information 釋義:information也是法律英語中經(jīng)常用到一個單詞,其含義與在普通英語中一樣,都是信息,如information right知情權(quán),confidential information保密信息,information disclosure信息披露等固定用法?! ?issue 釋義:issue的意思是簽發(fā),如issue an order簽發(fā)命令,issue a notice簽發(fā)通知,issue stock發(fā)行證券,issue a draft開具匯票等?! oint and several 釋義:joint and several是一個常用詞組,意思是連帶的,如joint and several liability連帶責(zé)任,又如a warranty,representation,undertaking, indemnity, covenant or agreement on the part of two or more persons binds them jointly and 、陳述、承諾、賠償、約定或協(xié)議負(fù)有連帶責(zé)任?! iability 釋義:liability的意思是責(zé)任,通常指因違反法律或合同規(guī)定的義務(wù)而導(dǎo)致的民事責(zé)任。Liability的形容詞是liable,通常用在be liable to do 或be liable to sb for sth 結(jié)構(gòu)中,如“Face Amount” means in respect of a BA Instrument, the amount payable to the holder on its maturity, and in respect of a Documentary Credit, the maximum amount which the issuing Person is contingently liable to pay to the Beneficiary.“票面金額”對銀行承兌匯票而言,指到期時應(yīng)付持票人的金額,對跟單信用證而言,指發(fā)行人可能應(yīng)付受益人的最大金額?! imitation 釋義:limitation的常用含義是限制,如責(zé)任限制,可以說是limitation of liability?! iquidation 釋義:liquidation 在法律英語中通常指企業(yè)的清算,如If a receiver, manager or other custodian (interim or permanent) of the Collateral or any part thereof is appointed by private instrument or by court order, if any execution, winding up, liquidation, sequestration, extent or other process of any court bees enforceable against of with respect to the Debtor or the Collateral or any part ther