【正文】 the road.　　　?。?）作定語(yǔ)：　　　　動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。s too dark for us to see anything.　　　　The question is simple for him to answer.　　　?。?）作獨(dú)立成分：　　　　To tell you the truth, I don39。　　　　If you don39。t need to.　　　　（9）不定式的并列：第二個(gè)不定式可省略to?！　　　?．動(dòng)名詞的形式： Ving　　　　否定式：not + 動(dòng)名詞　　　　（1）一般式：　　　　Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)?！　　　。?）完成式：　　　　We remembered having seen the film. 我們記得看過(guò)這部電影。　　　　（5）否定式：not + 動(dòng)名詞　　　　I regret not following his advice. 我后悔沒(méi)聽(tīng)他的勸告。　　　　His not knowing English troubled him a lot.　　　　他不懂英語(yǔ)給他帶來(lái)許多麻煩?！　　　ollecting stamps is interesting. 集郵很有趣?！　　　t39?！　　　。?）作表語(yǔ)：　　　　In the ant city, the queen39。　　　?。?）作賓語(yǔ)：　　　　They haven39?！　　　e have to prevent the air from being polluted.　　　　我們必須阻止空氣被污染。此外，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，若跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則常用形式賓語(yǔ)it，例如：　　　　We found it no good making fun of others. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑他人不好。t stand, can39。t walk without a walkingstick. 他沒(méi)有拐杖不能走路。　　　　His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．　　　　他收聽(tīng)收音機(jī)新聞節(jié)目的習(xí)慣仍未改變。　　　　現(xiàn)在分詞的形式：　　　　否定式：not + 現(xiàn)在分詞　　　?。?）現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成　　　　式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，常作狀語(yǔ)?！　　　aving done his homework, he played basketball. 做完作業(yè)，他開(kāi)始打籃球?！　　　he problem being discussed is very important. 正在被討論的問(wèn)題很重要。　　　　2．現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能：　　　?。?）作定語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，當(dāng)分詞單獨(dú)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)　　　　放在名詞后。　　　　The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor39。　　　　現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed?！　　　he present situation is inspiring. 當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)鼓舞人心?！　　　。?）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：　　　　如下動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：　　　　see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等?！　　　。?）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：　　　?、僮鲿r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：　　　　(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.　　　　在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人?！　　　、圩鞣绞綘钫Z(yǔ)，表示伴隨：　　　　He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗?！　　　、葑鹘Y(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：　　　　He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎?！　　　、咦髯尣綘钫Z(yǔ)：　　　　Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.　　　　雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了?！　　　ll the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.　　　　所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。ll do another two exercises.　　　　如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。　　　?、嶙鳘?dú)立成分：　　　　udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.　　　　從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員?！　　　。ㄋ模┻^(guò)去分詞：　　　　過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾ed構(gòu)成。　　　　過(guò)去分詞的句法功能：　　　　1．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：　　　　Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我們班開(kāi)展了一次有組織的旅行。　　　　注意當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，就放在名詞的后面?！　　　?．過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)：　　　　The window is broken. 窗戶(hù)破了?！　　　∽⒁猓篵e + 過(guò)去分詞，如果表示狀態(tài)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如果表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：　　　　boiled water（開(kāi)水） fallen leaves（落葉）　　　　newly arrived goods（新到的貨） the risen sun（升起的太陽(yáng)）　　　　the changed world（變了的世界）　　　　這類(lèi)過(guò)去分詞有：gone, e, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。　　　　有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞做with短語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：　　　　With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。（表示原因）　　　　Once seen, it can never be forgotten.　　　　一旦它被看見(jiàn)，人們就忘不了。ll be able to do it better.　　　　如果給予更多的時(shí)間，我能做得更好。（表示讓步）　　　　Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充滿(mǎn)了希望與恐懼，他走進(jìn)山洞?！　　　?．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.　　　　 make　　　　析：B、C是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在此不可用。,可作狀語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果?！　　　?．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.　　　　 be taken take taken 　　　　析：根據(jù)this evening,應(yīng)選表示將來(lái)義的選項(xiàng)，C、D應(yīng)排除?！　　　?．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.　　　　 wash be washing　　　　析：根據(jù)be made to do ，可定答案為A?！　　　?．——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?　　　　 try going to go try and go going　　　　析：此題可根據(jù)why not后直接跟原形動(dòng)詞規(guī)律而一舉確定正確答案為D。依據(jù)題干對(duì)話內(nèi)容，乙方是建議甲方嘗試乘船變變花樣，所以答案仍為D。A項(xiàng)不能表達(dá)先于decided的動(dòng)作，只有選C項(xiàng)才表沒(méi)收到信在先，決定再寫(xiě)信在后，所以C為正確答案。據(jù)此可排除B、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)?！　　　?．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.　　　　 invite invited been invited　　　　析：“被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)”，應(yīng)選表被動(dòng)意的選項(xiàng)，B不可用。又因短暫動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式不可作定語(yǔ)，C也應(yīng)排除，(＝who were invited)才是正確答案。C表“將要被捆綁”，A表“正在被捆綁”都不合題意，只有D項(xiàng)填入空白才能表達(dá)“雙手被反綁著”這一意思，符合題干情景?！　編輯本段]更多練習(xí)　　　　 more attention,the trees could have grown better.　　　　 give given 　　　　 first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.　　　　 be written written written　　　　 missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.　　　　 play be playing 　　　　 in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.　　　　 lose lost 　　　　 passing me he pretended ______ me.　　　　 see having seen have not seen to have seen　　　　 children insisted ______ there on foot.　　　　 going would go their going 　　　　 still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.　　　　 taken taken　　　　 the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.　　　　 at。discovering that　　　　 arriving at。to have found out　　　　 the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan Park.　　　　。leading lead。to lead 。led 。led　　　　 these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirtystoreyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.　　　　。seeing 。seen　　　　 can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.　　　　 have sailed sail 　　　　 you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against your face.　　　　 move　　　　 is known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time.　　　　。advanced 。advancing　　　　 shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.　　　　 persuaded persuaded　　　　 was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.　　　　 be f