【正文】
徵在《證類本草》上說(shuō):味甘酸,生山谷,藤生著樹(shù),葉圓有毛,其果形似鴨鵝卵大,其皮褐色,經(jīng)霜始甘美可食。 關(guān)鍵詞: 獼猴桃 、栽培、營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值、藥用價(jià)值 The nutritional value of effective ponent Abstract In the early BC the book had a record of kiwi, LiShiZhen in pendium of material medica depicted in kiwifruit shape, color, said: the shaped like pears, its color, such as monkeys eat peach, so have the name. In the TangShen features on the card kind acerbity taste said, was born the valley, cane, round shape, the fruit is ELuan duck, its skin frost, beginning by brown sweet food. “This ac id, generic sweet fragrance, nutritious fruits, unexpectedly sleep for thousands of years, the human really understand and use it also however 100 years history, has long been a monkey fairy food. Key words: Actinidia sinensis; cultivation; Nutritional value;Medicinal value 引 言 獼猴桃是 落葉藤本;枝褐色,有柔毛,髓白色,層片狀。花開(kāi)時(shí)乳白色,后變黃色,單生或數(shù)朵生于葉腋。漿果卵形成長(zhǎng)圓形,橫徑約 3 厘米,密被黃棕色有分枝的長(zhǎng)柔毛.花期 5—6 月,果熟期 8—10 月。深褐色并帶毛的表皮一般不食用。獼猴桃的質(zhì)地柔軟,味道有時(shí)被描述為草莓、香蕉、鳳梨三者的混合。另有訛稱獼猴喜食此水果,但其實(shí)獼猴可能一輩子都無(wú)緣見(jiàn)到獼猴桃 。因其維生素 C 含量在水果中名列前茅,一顆獼猴桃能提供一個(gè)人一日維生素 C 需求量的兩倍多,被譽(yù)為 “維 C 之王 ”。 1 獼猴桃的 栽培技術(shù) 選址 選擇山區(qū)交通便利、光照充足、靠水源,雨量適中、濕度稍大地帶,疏松、通氣良好的沙質(zhì)壤土或沙土,或富含腐殖質(zhì)的疏松土類的丘陵山地作建園地為佳。 獼猴桃種植主要采用的搭架方式 有: T 形架、籬架、三角架、大棚架等。就地架高 米,用 10- 12 號(hào)鐵絲縱橫交叉呈 ”井 ”字形網(wǎng)絡(luò),鐵絲間距 60 厘米左右。種植前坑槽內(nèi)每株可一次施入果木肥 ,幼期樹(shù)采用少量多次施肥法?;室布炊剩诠麑?shí)采收后施入,每株施有機(jī)肥 20kg,并混合施入 磷肥。因獼猴桃的根是肉質(zhì)根,要在離根稍遠(yuǎn)處挖淺溝施入化肥并封土,以免引起燒根。 整形修剪及疏果 株枝整形根據(jù)搭架方式而定,要充分利用架面, 使枝條分布均勻,從而達(dá)到高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)的目的。冬剪在落葉后至早春萌芽前 1 個(gè)月期間進(jìn)行,以疏剪為主,適量短截。細(xì)弱枝、交叉枝和病蟲(chóng)枝。雄株修剪在 5- 6 月花后進(jìn)行。一般在花后 1 個(gè)月進(jìn)地疏果。一般枝每