中國農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策及未來發(fā)展趨勢-在線瀏覽
2024-10-24 20:04本頁面
【正文】 土地法 》 ? 耕地異地占補(bǔ)平衡 中國目前農(nóng)地制度 所存在的主要問題 ? 農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)界定還不夠明晰 ? 農(nóng)地承包關(guān)系不夠穩(wěn)定，農(nóng)民的經(jīng)營自主權(quán)有時受到侵害，影響了農(nóng)民的積極性 ? 適應(yīng)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展要求的農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)制度還未建立起來，難以實(shí)行土地規(guī)模經(jīng)營 ? 農(nóng)地金融制度未建立起來，農(nóng)民缺乏抵押土地使用權(quán)以獲得銀行貸款的權(quán)利 ? 農(nóng)地征用過程中對農(nóng)民利益的過度侵犯 未來中國農(nóng)地政策的走向 ? 土地私有化解決不了中國的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展問題 ? 只要堅持建立市場經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的取向，建立在現(xiàn)有土地制度基礎(chǔ)上的農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場應(yīng)該是未來的發(fā)展方向 ? 耕地保護(hù)的政策會一直堅持 中國的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)政策 ? 不是缺乏農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)，而是缺乏高效的推廣體系；不是缺乏先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)，而是缺乏合適的技術(shù)；不是缺乏合適的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)，而是缺乏技術(shù)發(fā)揮效率的機(jī)制和環(huán)境。D）政策 ?農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)研究上投入的發(fā)幅度增加 ?加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù) ?未來會在農(nóng)業(yè)推廣體系的完善上會投入更多資源 ? 謝謝！ Chapter 13 Game Theory and Competitive Strategy Topics to be Discussed ? Gaming and Strategic Decisions ? Dominant Strategies ? The Nash Equilibrium Revisited ? Repeated Games Topics to be Discussed ? Sequential Games ? Threats, Commitments, and Credibility ? Entry Deterrence ? Bargaining Strategy ? Auctions Gaming and Strategic Decisions ? Game is any situation in which players (the participants) make strategic decisions ?Ex: firms peting with each other by setting prices, group of consumers bidding against each other in an auction ? Strategic decisions result in payoffs to the players: outes that generate rewards or benefits Gaming and Strategic Decisions ? Game theory tries to determine optimal strategy for each player ? Strategy is a rule or plan of action for playing the game ? Optimal strategy for a player is one that maximizes the expected payoff ? We consider players who are rational – they think through their actions Gaming and Strategic Decisions ? ―If I believe that my petitors are rational and act to maximize their own profits, how should I take their behavior into account when making my own profitmaximizing decisions?‖(Text, p. 474) Noncooperative vs. Cooperative Games ? Cooperative Game ?Players negotiate binding contracts that allow them to plan joint strategies ? Example: Buyer and seller negotiating the price of a good or service or a joint venture by two firms (., Microsoft and Apple) ? Binding contracts are possible Noncooperative vs. Cooperative Games ? Noncooperative Game ?Negotiation and enforcement of binding contracts between players is not possible ? Example: Two peting firms, assuming the other’s behavior, independently determine pricing and advertising strategy to gain market share ? Binding contracts are not possible Noncooperative vs. Cooperative Games ? ―The strategy design is based on understanding your opponent’s point of view, and (assuming your opponent is rational) deducing how he or she is likely to respond to your actions.‖ (Text, p. 475) Gaming and Strategic Decisions ? An Example: How to buy a dollar bill 1. Auction a dollar bill 2. Highest bidder receives the dollar in re
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