【正文】 went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. The vehicle was called a helicopter. Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled. The helicopter has now bee an extremely useful machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging panies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil panies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hardtogetto place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of used: deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons. 11. People expect that ________. [A] the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicopters [B] helicopters would someday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners are now doing [C] the imaginations fired by the Russian engineer’s invention would bee a reality in the future [D] their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today 12. Helicopters work with the aid of ________. [A] a bination of rotating devices in front and on top 4 [B] a rotating device topside [C] one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each end [D] a rotating fan underneath for lifting 13. What is said about the development of the helicopter? [A] Helicopters have only been worked on by man since 1940. [B] Chinese children were the first to achieve flight in helicopters. [C] Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes. [D] Some people thought they would bee widely used by average individuals. 14. How has the use of helicopters developed? [A] They have been widely used for various purposes. [B] They are taking the place of highflying jets. [C] They are used for rescue work. [D] They are now used exclusively for mercial projects. 15. Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential? [A] For overseas passenger transportation. [B] For extremely high altitude flights. [C] For highspeed transportation. [D] For urgent mission to places inaccessible to other kinds of craft. Text 2 In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Ze us, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign petitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 . The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to pete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy’s gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games. On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. 5 How their results pared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 . They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of petition in sports and games was preferable to the petition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896. Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living acmodation, but peting courtiers pay their own athletes’ expenses. The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun’s rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The wellknown Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participati