【正文】 a lot of homework to do, I can39。 (單句填空)11．(2018allow sb./sth. to do “允許某人/某物做”；賓語me與stay是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用to stay做賓補(bǔ)。全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)They are required ________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.答案與解析　to process　句意：需要它們(脂肪和鹽)來處理我們吃的食物，以此從傷病中恢復(fù)并有益于其他幾項(xiàng)身體功能。13．I saw some elderly people ________ (practice) Tai Chi slowly. I stopped and watched their movements closely.答案與解析　practicing　根據(jù)后一句中的“我停下來仔細(xì)觀看他們的動(dòng)作”可知，此處表“我看見一些老人正在緩慢地練太極”。牢記：“感官動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓補(bǔ)可以是doing，表主動(dòng)的和正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；可以是do，表主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作的全過程；_還可以是done，表被動(dòng)和完成。1．如果做主語或表語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞－ing或不定式形式，如果設(shè)空處有“for＋名詞或代詞”，設(shè)空處用不定式。3．如果做賓語，要注意設(shè)空處前面的詞，如果是介詞(注意有時(shí)可能省略介詞)，設(shè)空處一定是動(dòng)詞－ing；如果是及物動(dòng)詞，要根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞做賓語的用法判斷其形式。如果做伴隨、時(shí)間、條件、非意外的結(jié)果等狀語，要根據(jù)其與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系，確定用現(xiàn)在分詞或過去。6．牢記一些不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞的變化形式，不要因大小寫弄錯(cuò)丟分，以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變173。7．注意固定結(jié)構(gòu)和用法，分清介詞to 和不定式符號(hào)to。全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (錯(cuò)覺) that populations are higher than they actually are.答案與解析　noting　句意：科學(xué)家們已做出回應(yīng)，指出饑餓的熊可能聚集在人類居住地附近，導(dǎo)致熊的數(shù)量比實(shí)際數(shù)量要多的錯(cuò)覺。by doing sth.“通過做某事”。2．(2019long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.答案與解析　listening　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處前為完整的句子，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meeting interesting locals為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故空處填listening。全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36173。old business.答案與解析　to retire　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞had，設(shè)空處與had之間無連詞連接，應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。解題技巧　動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語一些抽象名詞如plan, ability, chance, right, desire, hope, wish, fact, excuse, way等，常用動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語；另外，當(dāng)中心詞為序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、the last, the only等或中心詞被這類詞所修飾時(shí)，多用不定式做后置定語。全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)If I succeed in ________ (manage) one, I will open more.答案與解析　managing　固定短語succeed in doing “成功做了某事”，in為介詞，其后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填managing。全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)You don39。由句意可知此處在句中做目的狀語，You與see是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用不定式的主動(dòng)形式to see。全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Some of us were confident and eager ________ (take) part in the class activity。7．(2018Everyone與wait是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，表伴隨。s soul and emotion.答案與解析　reflecting　virtue與reflect是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系， 應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語， 填reflecting。荊州高三調(diào)研)The results showed that the older group were significantly more likely than the younger ________ (accept) the truth as a lie they had been told less than an hour earlier.答案與解析　to accept　該處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”。長(zhǎng)沙高三檢測(cè))As for the questions, ________ (choose) at random before, the researchers told the participants to think carefully.答案與解析　chosen　choose與the questions是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且根據(jù)句中的before可知，此處非謂語動(dòng)詞表被動(dòng)且完成的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去分詞做后置定語，填chosen。11．The boys played with it until it broke, and then made their own ________ (replace) it.答案與解析　to replace　句意：男孩們一直玩到它壞了，然后自己做了一個(gè)來代替它。12．The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed ________ (take) out of the reading room.”答案與解析　to be taken　be allowed to do“被允許做”。 take_(拿走)—took—taken。設(shè)空前是系動(dòng)詞got, sweep與the ring是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞做表語，填swept。14．Studies suggest that by the end of this century, nearly half of the 7,000 languages now ________ (speak) worldwide could disappear.答案與解析　spoken　句意：研究表明，到20世紀(jì)末，現(xiàn)在全世界說的7 000種語言中的近一半可能會(huì)消失。牢記：speak_(說)—spoke—spoken。ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ________ (do) to achieve the final success.答案與解析　doing/to be done　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，do與work之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“……需要被做”用need doing/need to be done?！?能力】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. The life events of this moment are being placed in your experience to provide you with a perfect context the true wonder and glory of Who You Really Are.A. within where you could experience B. within that to experienceC. which to experience within D. within which to experience【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。你可以在其中體驗(yàn)?zāi)闶钦l的真正的奇跡和榮耀。此處需要引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞a perfect context，應(yīng)用where或介詞+which。experience是及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以直接加賓語，故選D項(xiàng)。句意：弗蘭克回到家，下定決心要比以前更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。s mind to do ，可知，his mind和make up之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。這里考查with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)： with + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。3. A talented painter can feel that certain shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, _______ exceptionally interesting for them and worth _____________ to the public.A. is。 being shownC. are。 to be shown【答案】C【解析】考查主謂一致和非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，此句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的主語是certain shapes and colors，是復(fù)數(shù)，所以第一個(gè)空，也就是賓語從句的謂語是are；根據(jù)固定搭配worth doing“值得做某事”，此時(shí)doing主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，所以第二個(gè)空用showing。4. He was the first one in the village _____________ a pany, _____________ he devoted a lot of time and energy.A. setting up。 for whichC. to set up。 for what【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式和定語從句。固定搭配set up（成立）， the +序數(shù)詞+名詞+ to do sth.（第幾個(gè)做這件事情的……），第一空用動(dòng)詞不定式（ to do）做代詞one的后置定語；_____________ he devoted a lot of time and energy是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是a pany，本句還原為 he devoted a lot of time and energy to a pany，先行詞是物，用which引導(dǎo)，介詞to可提到關(guān)系代詞前，構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，即to which。5. _________ confidence, she wasn’t awarded Beauty Queen in the beauty contest.A. Lacking B. Lacking for C. Lack of D. Lacked【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合句意可知，空處應(yīng)用分詞形式作狀語，動(dòng)詞lack與邏輯主語she之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語，故選A項(xiàng)。句意：讀了這本有意義的書，他突然哭了起來。根據(jù)狀語reading可知，狀語與主語之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以句子的主語只能是he，故選C項(xiàng)。 exposed B. leaving。 exposed D. left。句意：他潛入水中，只露出了臉。故選A。 are to be B. is consisted of。 is to be D. consisting with。句意：我被告知由5個(gè)醫(yī)生10個(gè)護(hù)士組成的醫(yī)療小組將要被送往洪災(zāi)地區(qū)。句中集合名詞team，作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。9. The international agreement, ______ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.A. being intended B. intendedC. intending D. to intend【答案】B【解析】考查過去分詞。動(dòng)詞intend意為“設(shè)計(jì)，打算”，和邏輯主語The internation