【正文】 ______ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year39。研究者們呼吁政府采取有效措施減少空氣污染。句意：科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，空氣污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。故填for。句意：世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進(jìn)行的研究表明，空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分?jǐn)?shù)大幅下降的原因。故填conducted。句意：世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進(jìn)行的研究表明，空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分?jǐn)?shù)大幅下降的原因。故填scores。句意：這項研究發(fā)表在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》上。故填was published。句意：這項研究是對世界其它地區(qū)，尤其是對城市居民的一個警告。故填those。句意：超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū)，空氣污染是導(dǎo)致全球死亡的第四大原因。故填poisonous。句意：超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū)，空氣污染是導(dǎo)致全球死亡的第四大原因。故填highest。句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們接觸污染空氣的時間越長，他們的智力下降得越厲害。故填the。句意：對于那些超過60歲的人來說，這可能需要幾年的時間。 先行詞為those時，關(guān)系代詞不能用that。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。There is no shortcut to do ，“沒有干某事的捷徑”，此處用動詞不定式。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞，非謂語動詞，名詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，代詞，形容詞，冠詞，定語從句等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中，研究人員估計，美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。 （1）考查冠詞。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。 （2）考查時態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)的時間從句要用一般過去時，主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填have found。句意：它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。故填its。句意：在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中。故填environmental。句意：美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。故填smaller。句意：盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對健康的影響尚不清楚。 （7）考查副詞。此處要用副詞修飾動詞swallowing 。 （8）考查介詞。e from，固定短語，“來自”。 （9）考查定語從句。分析句子成分可知，先行詞為drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的賓語，故此處填which。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞，時態(tài)，代詞，形容詞，名詞，介詞，副詞，定語從句以及非謂語動詞的等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 The lion ________(regard) as the king in the animal world, so ________(it) images represent power and prestige. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of officials. It was also popular to decorate bridges with stone sculpted lions for the defending reason. The ________(well) known of bridges is the Lugouqiao, ________(build )from 1189 to 1192.【答案】 and；monly；is regarded；its；at；the；which；bravery；best；built 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要講述了石獅子的象征，歷史和用途。一對獅子，雌和雄應(yīng)該是并列關(guān)系，故填and。修飾seen用副詞，monly，通常地。 （3）句意：獅子被認(rèn)為是動物界的王者，所以它的形象代表權(quán)利和威望。 （4）句意：獅子被認(rèn)為是動物界的王者，所以它的形象代表權(quán)利和威望。故填its。at the beginning of意為在……的開端，為固定搭配。 （6）句意：最早的石獅子從公元25220年，隨著佛教流傳入古代中國，在東漢初期被雕刻出來。 （7）句意：在佛教的信仰中，石獅子能夠保護(hù)真理驅(qū)走邪惡，被視為是高貴莊嚴(yán)的神圣動物。故填which。and連接并列成分，保持形式一致。故填bravery。the+形容詞最高級，表示最……故填best。主語是 故填built。先通讀全文，理解文章大意。5．語法填空 s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most ________(attract) cities in the world that I39。 Luoyang stands out ________the oldest continually inhabited (持續(xù)居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be ________birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There ________ With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot ________(constant) attract tourist from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple ________(build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?【答案】 when；attractive；as；the；is；dynasties；to offer；has been included；constantly；built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了古都洛陽。對游客來說,洛陽是一個值得一游的城市。when it es to...固定短語，當(dāng)提到……時。 （2）考查形容詞。故填attractive。as在句中意為作為。故填as。此處用定冠詞,特指中國文化和歷史的發(fā)源地。 （5）考查時態(tài)及主謂一致?？崭裉幩诰錇門here be句型,句中主語為no other city in China,所以be動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。 （6）考查名詞。故填dynasties。have意為有時,后面接帶to的不定式。 （8）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。故填has been included?？仗幮揎椫^語動詞,故用副詞。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。故填built。6．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Add Oil is the literal English translation of the Chinese phrase Jiāy243。s used in sporting events ________ (encourage) a friend, and in many other conversations! Some people believe that the phrase ________ (invent) at the Macau Grand Prix (澳門汽車大獎賽) during the 1960s, where the crowd would shout at the pit teams (加油團(tuán)隊) to Add Oil! to the racing cars. The meaning of the Chinese characters is to add (jiā) oil (y243。In places such as Hong Kong, where a mixture of Chinese a