【正文】 ，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the sideeffects. Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017. In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.s shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.（1）Some rich countries are trying to dematerialize moneyB.make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered speciesD.the differences between developed and developing countriesB.digital payments are being a trend that cannot be stoppedD.. A.suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and dataC.financial firms want to abandon oldfashioned customers（4）The author39。favorablenegativeobjectiveindifferent【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，富裕國家正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,現(xiàn)金正在因為需求等原因消失。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。結(jié)合上下文,可知某些富裕國家比如瑞典正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,推廣不用紙幣或硬幣的支付方式,也就是電子支付方式。 （2）考查推理判斷。瑞典和中國的共同點是現(xiàn)金支付減少,電子支付比例上升,由此可推斷作者提到瑞典和中國是為了說明數(shù)字支付正成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢。 （3）考查推理判斷。運行現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟背后的基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)需要付出高昂的成本,這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包括自動取款機,載有紙幣的貨車,接受硬幣的出納員。也就是供應商為了減少成本,獲取數(shù)據(jù)和小費,開發(fā)了更便捷的支付方式,導致現(xiàn)金支付的減少。 （4）考查推理判斷。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I39。 So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to Think about five things for which you39。 I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our school39。s with the gratitude thing? I asked. You don39。re prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. That39。s only a week, she urged. Try it. I did. And guess what? It worked.t get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He39。 Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, I39。t change, working without plaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.s the author39。Cautious.B.Indifferent.D.Because she thought it wasn39。Because she didn39。Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.D.Be grateful to her wonderful husband.B.Be a great cook and put her family first.D.s thankful for.（4）What39。Don39。We Can Change Everything If We WantC.D.生活永遠不會完美。這只需要一點感激之情。根據(jù)第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I39?？芍?，作者對帶甜點的學生持有謹慎的態(tài)度。 （2）考查推理判斷。我算了算?？赏浦?，作者認為對“連續(xù)7天每天做5件事”的要求充滿懷疑，認為太費腦力、不值得去做。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。s a great cook. He always puts our family first.”但是另一位積極心理學家柯利他是個很棒的廚師。可知，柯利由此可知，柯利故選D。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, I39。t change, working without plaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通過一個簡單的練習，我重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了那句老話的平和：接受我不能改變的事情，毫無怨言地去改變我能改變的，并且足夠明智地知道兩者的區(qū)別）可知，練習表達感激，改變了作者的觀念和生活。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息。4．閱讀理解 But the reality is that sometimes we fail. And sometimes things, through no fault of our own, don39。re faced with a lifechanging diagnosis (診斷), the passing of a loved one or job loss. We don39。I think uncertainty does us all harm. We39。t really care about one39。 We might also make wiser decisions — this isn39。s final days painful and frightening. The fact is that, when asked, many patients would rather focus on living meaningfully in their final days.ve asked several people, each of whom has met misfortune, how they find meaning in their lives. The diversity in their responses reflects the fact that there are no right or wrong answers here. We each can find meaning in different things.（1）What is the typical American idea? A.B.Apple pie is the best food.D.Equipment.Culture.Uncertainty.Belief.（3）In their final days many patients actually want to______. A.live a more meaningful lifeC.D.The author thinks pursuing success is wrong.B.We can find the same meaning in our life.D.成功是夢想，是終點。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。故選B。根據(jù)第三段中的We39?？赏茢啵琲t指代的是不確定性。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。 （4）推理判斷題。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。細節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案；推理判斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。 A while back I caught a news report on something called couch surfing‖ and the network of trusting souls who make this phenomenon possible. They offer to put up travelers free of charge and help them on their ways. At first, it sounded unbelievable. I mean, inviting strangers into one39。 However, I was intrigued. I decided to investigate. The only way to truly learn about this phenomenon was to dive in. So I planned a trip to Finland, a country I39。 If ever any anxiety existed when stepping into the unknown, it disappeared when my first host met me at the train station. Ari looked like my idea of a typical Finn: tall and blueeyed. Finns were also supposed to be famously reserved (寡言少語的). Ari was anything but. He was a live wire, giving me an enthusiastic wele and hiking with me to his apartment, where he showed me the sleeper sofa, served m