【正文】 y bad at following diets. But: These nationally remended guidelines do actually have a knock173。m developing a new healthy173。for173。s going to be based off a lot of detail that I get from the nationally remended guidelines. So while it might not necessarily be the case that people follow directly …they actually are quite influential on the preparation of other advice. Following a nationally remended diet can have similar impacts in different countries.B.Not all the countries have remended diets in an explicit manner.D.ine nations don39。in paragraph 3 probably mean? A.B.C.D.Food production can lead to about 20 percent of human173。free land used.B.Paul Behrens39。Some wealthy countries tend to reduce meat and dairy though the other areas of policy making isn39。通過膳食指南，似乎可以減輕對(duì)環(huán)境的傷害，人類自己也可以過上健康的生活，二者可以兼得。根據(jù)第二段中的 What we found is that impacts vary across nations, but in the high173。t mention explicitly—or most of them don39。由此推斷出 并非所有國(guó)家都以明確的方式推薦飲食 ，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)Paul Behrens會(huì)贊成，故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“A third of the ice173。caused greenhouse gas emissions. Fertilizer runoff also leads to other problems, like the algae blooms in Lake Eerie and the Dead Zone in the Gulf of Mexico.”地球上三分之一的無冰區(qū)被用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，根據(jù)一些估算，食物生產(chǎn)大約占到了人類造成的溫室氣體排放量的五分之一。由此推斷出劃線詞所在的句子意思是我們所吃的食物給環(huán)境帶來了巨大代價(jià)。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。free land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all human173。由此可知。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 Kaitlin Woolley and Ayelet Fishbach report in Psychological Science that a meal taken familystyle from a central plate can greatly improve the oute of later negotiations. needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments. The game asked the participants to negotiate an hourly wage rate during a fictional strike. Each person was randomly assigned to represent the union or management and follow a set of rules. s route prices. The results were much the same, with the foodsharers negotiating successfully 63. 3%of the time and those who did not share doing so 42. 9%of the time. （1）What does the familystyle meal in the report refer to？ A.A meal shared with others.C.D.To show the way food is served.B.To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.D.To add to their energy.To reward them for their participation.C.D.研究表明，從中間菜采取的“家庭式”餐，可以大大改善后續(xù)談判的結(jié)果。根據(jù)第二段中的“They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of petition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動(dòng)合作性的行為。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments.” 出于好奇心，他們做了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?？芍xC。4．犇犇閱讀理解 The world39。 Now, that may be changing. A new environmentallyfriendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. This shopping model, called Loop, aims to replace throwaway containers with reusable ones. He pared it to the milkman model of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result is zerowaste. Loop is set to launch later this year in three eastern . states, and also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding area. Then Loop plans to expand to the . West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 2020.（1）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? A.Advocate zerowaste lifestyle.C.Introduce a new topic.（2）Where does the idea Loop e from? A.B.Zerowaste model.The milkman model.（3）Which countries is Loop expected to expand to by 2020? A.Switzerland and Britain.C.D.A new shopping model.B.The world39。The concerns of future shopping.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹美國(guó)一家公司推出一種新的零浪費(fèi)購(gòu)物模式。根據(jù)第二段“The world39。故選A。根據(jù)第四段中的“Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it es from an idea of the past.”和第五段“He pared it to the milkman model of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result is zerowaste.”可知，Loop購(gòu)物模式的想法來自于過去送奶工模式，是一種可以杜絕零浪費(fèi)的模式。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選D。根據(jù)第三段中的“A new environmentallyfriendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹美國(guó)一家公司推出一種新的零浪費(fèi)購(gòu)物模式。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。 In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a barheaded goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest (珠穆朗瑪). It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese—named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads—have shown the birds really fly so high. Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And researchers knew that barheaded geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds.s heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the birds managed to cool down their bloodthe measured blood temperature dropped so it could take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps pensate for the very thin air, the team says.s not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could