【正文】 障礙). There is increasing evidence that being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us. But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly? Fewer and fewer, it seems. According to Lisa Nisbet, a psychology professor at Canada s Trent University, evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it.t think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness, says Nisbet. We think other things will, like shopping or TV. But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion. Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50minute walk in a park had better attention and shortterm memory than those who took a walk along a city street.s more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problemsolving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.s as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoungwook doing? lost in nature. up his strength. to control a forest fire. firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors? is overlooked by people. has nothing to do with happiness. Koreans show great interest in it. need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find? affects people39。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。他完全沉浸在大自然之中。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選A。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“had better attention and shortterm memory ”可知，Stephen Kaplan的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親近大自然可以提高注意力和短期記憶力，也就是說提高了大腦的工作效率。 （4）考查主旨大意。故選B。3．犇犇閱讀下面文章，然后從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出每個(gè)問題的最佳選項(xiàng)。 My two and fouryearold boys love to win, whether they39。s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for highranking peoples—but only if those people aren39。 Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three. In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my fouryearold thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I39。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。t hurtful toward others.”可知，我們更傾向于敬佩那些地位高的人。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選D。根據(jù)第三段中的“In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.”可知，孩子們會(huì)走向被撞倒的人，而由于孩子太小，甚至可能是人類與生俱來的偏好。故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.”可知，孩子欣賞那些在做好事的同時(shí)表現(xiàn)出色的人。故選C。4．犇犇閱讀理解 Solving math problems requires a plex level of involving the mental management of numbers, longterm rules and shortterm working memory. The finding that even the tiny brain of a honeybee can grasp basic mathematical operations has a possible effect on the future development of Artificial Intelligence, particularly in improving rapid learning.s Professor Adrian Dyer said numerical (數(shù)字的) operations like addition and subtraction are plex because they require two levels of processing. “You need to be able to hold the rules around adding and subtracting in your longterm memory, while mentally using skillfully a set of given numbers in your shortterm memory,” Dyer said. “On top of this, our bees also used their shortterm memories to solve arithmetic problems, as they learned to recognize plus or minus as abstract concepts.” “If math doesn39。 Many species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to search for food, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more plex level of processing.The relationship between brain size and brain power.B.Bees can perform plex arithmetic operations.D. numerical cognition ________. A.has a possible effect on the future development of AIC.calls for a lot of maths knowledge（3）What does the finding of the new research suggest? A.Arithmetic operations exist in human and bees.C.Some primates, birds and even spiders can add and substract.（4）What can be the best title for the text? A.New Findings About Bees Having Numerical CogintionC.The Relationship Between Brain Size and Brain Power【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，RMIT大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜜蜂能做基本的數(shù)學(xué)。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》(Science Advances)雜志上的這項(xiàng)新研究將蜜蜂也列入了這一名單。根據(jù)第一段中的“Australia showed that bees could perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction (減法).”澳大利亞證明蜜蜂可以做加法和減法等算術(shù)運(yùn)算。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜜蜂能做基本的數(shù)學(xué)。 （2）考查推理判斷。t require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to include interactions of both longterm rules and working memory in designs to improve rapid AI learning of new problems,”如果數(shù)學(xué)不需要一個(gè)巨大的大腦，那么在設(shè)計(jì)中，我們也可能有新的方法來包括長期規(guī)則和工作記憶的互動(dòng)，從而提高人工智能對(duì)新問題的快速學(xué)習(xí)，可知，Adrian Dyer認(rèn)為，蜜蜂的數(shù)字認(rèn)知對(duì)人工智能的未來發(fā)展可能有影響。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。但是數(shù)字認(rèn)知，比如精確的數(shù)字和算術(shù)運(yùn)算，需要更復(fù)雜的處理。故選C。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Previous studies have shown some primates (靈長目動(dòng)物), birds, babies and even spiders can add and/or subtract. The new research, published in Science Advances, adds bees to that list.”此前的研究表明，一些靈長類動(dòng)物、鳥類、嬰兒甚至蜘蛛都可以加減法?！惫蔬xB。5．犇犇閱讀理解 The study reports the newlydeveloped rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its s