【正文】
aise【動(dòng)詞】舉起;提高;募集 15. keep【動(dòng)詞 】 keep+名詞,保留(某物); keep+形容詞,保持 16.【形容詞】 broken 破損的,出毛病的; blind 瞎的,失明的; deaf 聾的; disabled 有殘疾的,喪失能力的;在句中做定語和表語。 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過去的故事。 4. volunteer 【名詞】志愿者 【動(dòng)詞】義務(wù)做,自愿做(某事) volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 , The girls could volunteer in an afterschool study program. 5. used to do /曾經(jīng) (常 )做某事,表示過去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。(誤) I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正 ) I’m drawing with my own crayons. 3 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks 1. sick 生病的,有病的;可在句中作表語 Mary could not e because she is sick. 也可作定語 a sick child 【區(qū)別 ill】 ill 與 sick 同義;但是只在句中做表語,不做定語。 (誤) Myself can finish my homework. (正 ) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代詞表示 ―某人自己 ‖不能表示 ―某人的東西 ‖,因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。 look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自學(xué) enjoy oneself 玩得高興,過得愉快 help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)自用 …… (隨便吃 /喝些 …… ) . hurt oneself 摔傷自己 say to oneself 自言自語 leave sb. by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)留下 buy oneself …… 東西 introduce oneself 介紹 …… 自己 【提醒】 1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語,但可以做主語的同位語,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 如: She isn’t quite herself today. 3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語,常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。 數(shù) 人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself 復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves 【用法】 1. 可用作賓語,指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。 make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。 人 sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。 18. hit (用手或器具)打;擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的頭、鼻子、后背, on 用在所打較硬的部位; hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子, in 用在所打較軟的部位。 14. advice [不可數(shù)名詞 ]勸告,建議,向 … 征求意見, give sb. advice on ; advise [動(dòng)詞 ] advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth. 【復(fù)習(xí)】 exercise 練習(xí)、鍛煉 當(dāng) exercise 意為 ―練習(xí) ‖時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞 即可加 s 當(dāng) exercise 意為 ―鍛煉 ‖時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加 s 16. hurt 及物動(dòng)詞,使 …… 疼痛, …… 受傷, He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物動(dòng)詞, …… (部位)疼。 He may be angry. sound like+名詞代詞和從句: It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容詞, ―聽起來,好像 ‖, The music sounds nice. 9. need 需要,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 need+名詞,需要某物; need to do ,主語通常是人,表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作: You need to listen carefully during class. need doing ,表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作: Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下(公交車) get on 上車 11. agree 同意,贊同; agree with sth. 同意某事 如: I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如: I agree to LiLei. 12. trouble 問 題,麻煩 ; be in trouble 遇到麻煩, make trouble 制造麻煩 , have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做 ......有麻煩。 good enough 足夠好, enough money=much money 6. lie down 躺下, lie 躺,躺著,過去式 lay; lie 說謊,過去式 lied 7. maybe ―或許 ‖,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache頭疼 3. 身體部位 +ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛 4. much too+ 形容詞,意 為 太 ...... , too much+名詞,意為 很多,大量 。t?(r)) /;事情 What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了? 【注】: matter 和 trouble 為名詞, 其前可加 the 或形容詞性物主代詞, wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí), 與介詞 with 連用。 1 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了? 【解析】 matter/ 39。 m230。即: What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.? — What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold. 2. I had a 。 5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的 /地, enough 放在名前后,形副后。 Maybe you are right. may be,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +be 的結(jié)構(gòu),意為 ―可能,也許 ‖,后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。 13. right away=right now=at once,意為 馬上 。 His leg hurt badly. clean 【動(dòng)詞】打掃, clean the classroom 打掃教室,【形容詞】 干凈的 , cleaner 意為 清潔工 。 be used to sth./ doing 、適應(yīng)了 …… 、做某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài); His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ bee used to sth./ doing sth. ―變得習(xí)慣,逐漸適應(yīng) ……‖ 強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作: It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit. 20. 【復(fù)習(xí)】 free [形容詞 ]空閑的 free time;免費(fèi)的 the drink is for free;自由的 I want to bee a free bird. 2 free【動(dòng)詞】使 …… 解脫,得到自由: He could not free his arm. run out 用完,用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物 sth. run out. 某物用盡了。 He run out of all his money last night. 22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn) 23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要(性), important , unimportant decision 【名詞】決定;抉擇; make a decision 做決定 。 25. be in the control of … 掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control無法控制,無法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中 26. 【復(fù)習(xí)】 mind 意為 介意 , mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my opening the window? 27. give up (doing) sth. 放棄(做)某事, give up (playing) puter games; give up 后 可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞 ing形式,也可不接,如 : Never give up easily. 二、重點(diǎn)語法 【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞,在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。 如 : Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表語,指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。 如: She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。 如:我自己能完成作業(yè)。表達(dá) ―某人自己的(東西) ‖時(shí),須 要用 one’s own. 如:我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。 Mary could not e because she is ill. 2. cheer (sb.) up(讓某人)變得高興;振奮起來 The good news cheered up everyone in our class. 3. give out 分發(fā);散發(fā),相當(dāng)于 hand out, The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人 。 There used to be a cinema here. 這里曾有一個(gè)照相機(jī)。