【正文】 部分都只是通過仿真總結(jié)或者直接復(fù)制原來文獻中已經(jīng)提出的方法。實際上，如此多方法的提出反而讓我們?yōu)?PV 系統(tǒng)尋找一種最適合的算法時感到困難。O)、導(dǎo)納增量法 (INC)、模糊控制、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò) (Neutral Network)、滑?？刂?(Slide Mode Contr01)、最優(yōu)梯度法、 RCC(Ripple Correlation Contr01)，基于狀態(tài)的 MPPT(Statebased MPPT)，線性電流控制法，負(fù)載電壓或電流最大化法等。 太陽能光伏發(fā)電的以上諸多優(yōu)點決定其成為未來發(fā)電的主導(dǎo)形式之一，有著巨大的經(jīng)濟、政治和社會效益，并且其涉及交叉多個學(xué)科，如電化學(xué)、電子電路、現(xiàn)代電力電子、現(xiàn)代控技術(shù)、電力系統(tǒng)等，具有重要的研究價值。 (6)資源、發(fā)電、用電在同一地域，可以節(jié)省遠距離輸電投資費用。太陽能光伏發(fā)電直接將太陽能輻射能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能，在各種可再生能源的利用形式中，太陽能光伏發(fā)電對能源的利用最直接。我國有 2／ 3 以上的地區(qū)太陽能輻射總量高于)/(5016 2 amMJ ?且年日照時間超過 2021h 以上，尤其是在西部地區(qū)更為豐富，對于緩解當(dāng)?shù)仉娏T乏有著重要意義。而且，在使用太陽能發(fā)電過程中沒有廢 氣、廢水、廢渣排出，不產(chǎn)生噪音，不危害人體。h，風(fēng)力發(fā)電為 20g／ kWh，天然氣發(fā)電為 181g／ kW據(jù)統(tǒng)計，目前各種發(fā)電方式的碳排放率 (g／ kW． h)如下：煤炭發(fā)電為 275g／ kW據(jù)計算，一年內(nèi)輻射向地球的太陽能總能量是目前世界主要能源探明儲量的 l 萬倍，太陽的壽命有 50 億年，這意味著開發(fā)太陽能是人類解決能源匱乏最根本最有效的途徑。隨著可再生能源的開發(fā)利用，太陽能已經(jīng)逐漸走入了人類的生活，并且將發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用。 武漢科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 1 1 緒論 光 伏發(fā)電 課題研究的意義 人類社會的發(fā)展離不開能源的利用。s domestic and international research, because its implementation and application provide a solution to many problems humanity are currently facing, such as: energy crisis, environmental pollution and so on. Gridconnected photovoltaic generators has a very wide application prospects, as people are paying more and more attention to sustainable development today, solar energy has many advantages that other energy are not available, such as： almost inexhaustible, clean and no pollution, etc., this makes it get more and more attention from people, and bee one of the most promising alternative new energy of traditional energy sources. This article implements a way to use photovoltaic array to charge the battery by controlling switching power through MCU. As to software,the existing mon maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are studied and analyzed, In this article, incremental conductance method(IncCond) is used to realize maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and a high efficiency of the system work is achieved. While in terms of hardware, the system controls synchronous rectification circuit by PWM, and uses the closedloop control to precisely sample voltage and current values form the feedback. Meanwhile, the system is protected by both the software and hardware , so that, the security and reliability of the system operation are achieved. The actual use of the system is given through experiment testing, the system power loss is analyzed, from the results we know that the system is working properly and achieves the prospective performance. Key word： Maximum power point tracking(MPPT)； Pulse Width Modulation(PWM)； Synchronous rectification 武漢科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 III 目 錄 1 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 光伏發(fā)電課題研究的意義 ....................................................................................... 1 MPPT 技術(shù)的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................ 2 本文主要研究內(nèi)容 ................................................................................................... 3 2 光伏電池板的工作特性 ...................................................................................................... 4 太陽能光伏板的基本工作原理 ............................................................................... 4 太陽能光伏板的輸出特性 ....................................................................................... 5 3 最大功率跟蹤（ MPPT）算法研究 .................................................................................... 9 MPPT 工作基本原理 ................................................................................................ 9 常用 MPPT 算法 ..................................................................................................... 10 恒壓跟蹤法 .................................................................................................. 10 擾動觀測法 ...................................................................................................11 電導(dǎo)增量法 .................................................................................................. 13 其他 MPPT 算法 .......................................................................................... 15 MPPT 算法的優(yōu)化及實現(xiàn) ...................................................................................... 15 本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................. 17 4 蓄電池充電管理 ................................................................................................................ 18 鉛蓄電池的充電特性 ............................................................................................. 18 鉛蓄電池的充電方法 ............................................................................................. 19 5 光伏發(fā)電功率變換器的硬件實現(xiàn) .................................................................................... 21 電源系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 ..................................................................................................... 21 驅(qū)動電路設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................... 24 主回路的選擇與設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 26 電壓電流檢測電路的設(shè)計 ..................................................................................... 27 輸出濾波電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 28 連續(xù)工作模式電感的設(shè)計 .......................................................................... 28 輸出電容選擇與設(shè)計 .................................................................................. 29 本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................. 30 6 實驗測試與結(jié)果 ................................................................................................................ 31 功率損耗分析 ......................................................................................................