【正文】 ___ they cannot work out. A. that B. if C. in order that D. as3.—Are you going somewhere during the winter vacation? —Yes, I39。它在口語和非正式用語中常用who代替，可以省略The man who\whom you met just now is my brother.which:指代事物，做主語、賓語。2. 引導(dǎo)詞：分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。例如：This is the place where he 。例如：This was the time when he 。，用which， 而不用that. 例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。，為避免重復(fù)，：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？ be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代詞時，只能用that，：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？ only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時，只能用that，：This is the same bike that I 。例如：The city that she lives in is very far 。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 這就是你要找的那個人。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English 。（作主語）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？ 正在與李明談話的老師是誰？（作賓語）注意：（1）當定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時，who， that， which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。在口語中，有時可用who代替whom， 也可省略。（作主語）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（that作賓語），在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and 。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。三、定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that， which， who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where， when， why等。.定語從句知識點講解一一、定語從句的概念 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時不可省略，作賓語可省略。（that作主語）The coat （that） I put on the desk is 。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a 。（作賓語）， whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from 。例如：This is the house in which we lived last 。（2）含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。（3）that 作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。（4）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that，：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個通過考試的人。d. 先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that， ：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the 。（5）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：， those時，用which， 而不用that.例如：What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法（1）when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。（2）where指地點，其先行詞表示地點，在句中作地點狀語。（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。六．限制性定語從句1. 限制性定語是指定語從句緊跟它所修飾的中心名詞或代詞之后，沒有逗號分開。（1） 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：that:指代人、事物，作主語、賓語，做賓語時可以省略who:指代人，做主語whom:指代人，做賓語，可以省略。做賓語可以省略whose:指代人、物，做定語，其后直接加名詞He has a friend whose father is a doctor.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.指物時常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. ——The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired（2） 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：where：指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語Shai hai is the city where I was born\The house where I live ten years ago has been pulled downwhen: 指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語I still remember the day when I first came to the schoolwhy: 指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane注意:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句都可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來代替Shai hai is the city where\in which I was bornI still remember the day when\on which I first came to the schoolPlease tell me the reason why \ for which you missed the plane3. 注意(1) 限制性定語從句中只能用that的幾種情況：A 當先行詞是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時 ，要用that Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.All that can be done has been done. B 當先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾,如：first\last\next等 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. C 當先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時 This is the best film that I have seen. D 當形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. E 當先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時 Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the Tshirt that fits me most? F 當先行詞既有人，也有動物或者物體時 Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? (3) 以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通常