【正文】
,telltold,writewrote,feelfelt,findfound,hearheard,knowknew,putput,growgrew,taketook,catchcaught,ecame,beebecame,swimswam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew。 go went,make made,get got ,buy bought ,e came ,flyflew ,is/amwas,arewere ,seesaw,bringbrought,dodid,teachtaught, thinkthought, saysaid,sitsat. readread, spendspent, eatate,givegave,sitsat,telltold,writewrote,feelfelt,findfound,hearheard,knowknew, putput,growgrew,taketook,catchcaught,ecame,beebecame,swimswam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew, 以上的(1)至(4)條中的發(fā)音均有改變,具體分別有/d/ /t/ /id/。動(dòng)詞的過去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。t,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞;一般疑問句Did+主語+do+其他。t/weren39。 workworked listenlistened 一般的就是直接加ed,特殊的就有一些變化。 過去式就是動(dòng)詞的變化,表示過去發(fā)生的事。 【過去時(shí)態(tài)】表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞的過去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。 call →called (叫)stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭)過去式是英語語法的一種,表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如: am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took 過去式“ed”的發(fā)音規(guī)則 (1)動(dòng)詞詞尾為“t,d”時(shí),發(fā)/ id /音, want →wanted (要)need →needed (需要) (2)動(dòng)詞詞尾為清輔音時(shí),發(fā)/ t / 音。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 14.動(dòng)詞的過去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如: can—could,shall—should,will—would 12.把動(dòng)詞原形中的o改為a,變成過去式。如: stand—stood,understand—understood 10.以ought和aught結(jié)尾,且讀音是〔 :t〕的過去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke 8.動(dòng)詞原形中的ell改為old,變成過去式。如: feed—fed,meet—met 6.動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept,變成過去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(動(dòng)詞show除外,show—showed) 4.動(dòng)詞原形中的e改為o,變成過去式。如: begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2.把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o,變成過去式。動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則及其讀音規(guī)則規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化如下: 一般情況下,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 ed ,如: work worked playplayed wantedwanted actacted 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 d,如: livelived movemoved tastetasted hopehoped 以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把y變?yōu)閕 再加ed,如: studystudied copycopied crycried carrycarried 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫詞尾輔音字母,再加 ed,如: stop stopped 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),須多加記憶。 go – went make – made get – got buy – bought e came flyflew 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 1.把動(dòng)詞原形中的i改為a,變成過去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3.改動(dòng)詞原形中的aw /ow為ew,變成過去式。如: get—got,forget—forgot 5.動(dòng)詞原形中的ee改為e,變成過去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 7.動(dòng)詞原形中的eak改為oke,變成過去式。如: sell—sold,tell—told 9.動(dòng)詞原形中的an改為oo,變成過去式。如: bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 11.以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式。如: e—came,bee—became 13.在動(dòng)詞原形后加d或t變成過去式,并且發(fā)生音變。如: let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕 15.不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過去式。 help →helped (幫助)laugh →laughed (笑)look →looked (看) kiss →kissed (吻)wash →washed (洗) watch →watched (注視) (3)動(dòng)詞詞尾為t,d以外之濁輔音或元音時(shí),發(fā)/ d /音。一般過去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式來表示,而動(dòng)詞的過去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。目錄過去式,過去時(shí)態(tài) 結(jié)構(gòu) 概念: 例句: 構(gòu)成 用法: 1. (2) 2. 1. Be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)讀法: 不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞表:過去式,過去時(shí)態(tài) 結(jié)構(gòu) 概念: 例句: 構(gòu)成 用法: 1. (2) 2. 1. Be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)讀法: 不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞表:展開過去式,過去時(shí)態(tài) 【過去式】 過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作要用一般過去式來表示。 過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為;過去主語所具備的能力和性格。 【過去時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)】指的是過去時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式的語法構(gòu)成。一般看到ago,before, in 幾幾年,就是過去式。 結(jié)構(gòu) 【過去時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)基本形式】 主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其他; 否定形式 ①wasn39。t ?、谠谛袨閯?dòng)詞前加didn39。 概念: 表示過去的發(fā)生動(dòng)作或過去存在的某種狀態(tài) 例句: A:What did you do last weekend? B:I played football. A:Did you read books? B:Yes,I did. 構(gòu)成 表示一般過去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式來表示,而動(dòng)詞的過去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化如下: (1)一般情況下,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 ed ,如: work—worked; play—played;want— wanted; act—acted ?。?)以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 d,如: live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided; decline—declined; hope—hoped; ?。?)以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把y變?yōu)閕 再加ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied (4)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫詞尾輔音字母,再加 ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped ?。?)注:不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),須多加記憶。 而不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的發(fā)音則略有不同,但是有些還是按照一定規(guī)律變化的。 仔細(xì)看一看,能發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的一些變化規(guī)律,也就是說不需要死記硬背這些過去式,知道了原型和變化規(guī)律,就可以寫出來了。分類記憶是對學(xué)習(xí)過去式很有幫助的! 用法: ?。?) 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,通常一般過去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我們?nèi)チ颂忑埳健? 二.時(shí)間狀語:yesterday, the day before yesterday, two days ago, long long ago,a minute ago,last year(week, month), just now, at that time, in those days. 三.過去時(shí)的用法:1.有確定的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)要用過去式。 例:The boy closed the door, turned off the window, and then went to bed. 3. 表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)的動(dòng)作,要用過去式。 例:Was he ill yesterday? 肯定回答:Yes, he was. 否定回答:No, he wasn39。 they your students long long ago? Yes, they were. / No, they weren39。t. Did she watch TV last night? 回答:Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 五.動(dòng)詞變過去式的幾種常用規(guī)則:1.一般動(dòng)詞直接+ ed。例:livelived phonephoned 3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾, 變y為i加ed。例:stopstopped planplanned : 動(dòng)詞由原形轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫^去式時(shí)不按詞尾加“ed”之變化規(guī)則者叫做不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工廠工作。I stayed at home,,我整日呆在家里. (2) 一般過去時(shí)態(tài):表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時(shí)間標(biāo)志:yesterday(昨天), last weekend(上周), last month(上個(gè)月), last year(去年), two months ago(兩個(gè)月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語。 When did you go to the park? (你是什么時(shí)候去的公園)。 1. Be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài) 在沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用be動(dòng)詞, am is 的過去式為was。) 否定句:主語+was (were) +not+表語 如:We weren39。) 否定回答: No, I wasn39。) 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+表語 如:When were you born? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的? 讀法: 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed有三種讀音: 1. 在清輔音后讀作[t]。如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called / d后讀作[id]。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d結(jié)尾的詞,把d變成t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt / aw結(jié)尾的詞,把ow / aw變成ew。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt / i的詞,將o / i變成a。 不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞表: 原形 過去式 過去分詞 bewas/werebeenbeginbeganbegunbringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtecam