【正文】 e s t i n e )L . a n i m a l i s D SM 2 0 6 0 2 ( d e n ta l p l a q u e o f b a b o o n )10016L . v i n iL . m o b i l i s100L . s a ts u m e n s i s59L . n a g e l i i59L . s a e r i m n e r i D SM 1 6 0 4 9T( p i g fa e c e s )L . m a l i338164L . a l g i d u sB . s u b ti l i s91 strains / 47 species Presence of MP in other lactobacilli 91 strains / 47 species 7 strains / 6 species L. salivarius Coevolution of chromosome and megaplasmid Sorbitol DSM20555 LMG14476 LMG14477 DSM20554 UCC118 AH43310 AH43324 DSM20492 CCUG44481 JCM1047 CCUG47171 JCM1046 JCM1045 CCUG47825 CCUG45735 CCUG27530B CCUG47826 CCUG43299 CCUG38008 AH4231 AH4331 01M14315 UCC119 AH43348 NCIMB8818 JCM1040 L21 NCIMB8816 JCM1042 JCM1044 NCIMB702343 NCIMB8817 380 kb 290 kb 270 kb 260 kb 242 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 230 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 218 kb 215 kb 210 kb 210 kb 200 kb 195 kb 195 kb 195 kb 195 kb 190 kb 180 kb 180 kb 180 kb 160 kb 145 kb JCM1230 100 kb LSL_1894 Yellow: fermentation Rhamnose DSM20555 LMG14476 LMG14477 DSM20554 UCC118 AH43310 AH43324 DSM20492 CCUG44481 JCM1047 CCUG47171 JCM1046 JCM1045 CCUG47825 CCUG45735 CCUG27530B CCUG47826 CCUG43299 CCUG38008 AH4231 AH4331 01M14315 UCC119 AH43348 NCIMB8818 JCM1040 L21 NCIMB8816 JCM1042 JCM1044 NCIMB702343 NCIMB8817 380 kb 290 kb 270 kb 260 kb 242 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 240 kb 230 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 220 kb 218 kb 215 kb 210 kb 210 kb 200 kb 195 kb 195 kb 195 kb 195 kb 190 kb 180 kb 180 kb 180 kb 160 kb 145 kb JCM1230 100 kb LSL_1752 Blue: No fermentation。 2: Dunne et al. 2022。 Technology of China (MOST) ? National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) ? Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) ? International Collaboration (Intl. Coop) ? Contract Research for Industry (CR) MOST 66%(63%) NSFC 12%(11%) CR 7%(11%) Intl. Coop 5%(5%) CAS 10%(10%) 2022(2022) 2022 funding: 18 M Euro AIM 11 M Euro (61%) Funding structure Science Cell Lancet PNAS Plant Cell Genome Research J. Immunol. J. Biol. Chem. JACS Mol. Microbiol. Clinical Chem. J. Virology J. Bacteriol. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Int. J. Sys. Evol. Microbiol. Publications 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2022 2022 2022 2022 91 118 116 159 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 2022 2022 2022 2022 IF5 IF3 45 24 5 5 7 26 21 20 Chinese Society for Microbiology Chinese Society for Biotechnology Chinese J. Biotechnol. Acta Microbiologica Sinica Mycosystema Microbiology Letters ? Extremophiles: Biodiversity, physiological adaptation, and novel biocatalysts Tengchong hot spring Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis Microbial Resources Bao et al. 2022 A jointeffort with Institute of Genomics, CAS China General Microbiological Culture Collection (CGMCC) Largest Fungal Herbarium in Asia 400,000 specimens Largest Culture Collection in China 30,000 strains / 70,000 in total Microbial Resources IMCAS publishes 65% China?s new microbial species or strains on international journals ? Vitamin C ? Enzymes ? Amino acids ? Organic acids ? Oligosaccharides ? Antibiotics ? Polysaccharides ? Brewer’s yeast Commercialised or Transferred Technology Fundamental Contribution to China?s Fermentation Industry Pathogenic Microbiology Understanding the Probiotic Effect of Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118: A Genomics Approach Yin Li Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences University College Cork, Ireland Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research. 14 February 2022 Road map ? Probiotics and Lactobacillus ? Lactobacillus genome sequencing projects: an overview ? Complete genome analysis of Lb. salivarius UCC118 ? Wide distribution of megaplasmids in Lb. salivarius ? Mechanism for the antiinfective effect of Lb. salivarius UCC118 ? Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB): microaerophilic, Grampositive anisms that ferment hexose sugars to produce primarily lactic acid. ? LAB: associated with foodstuffs, plants, and animals, and many species are used in industrial applications such as food production ? Leading to their widespread human consumption and “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) status. Lactic Acid Bacteria ? Elie Metchnikoff: Lactobacillus in fermented milk could promote the development of a healthy intestinal microbiota. ? Lactobacilli are part of the normal human gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota, also found in the GI tracts of other mammalian species. ? Important for normal intestinal microbiota: intestinal integrity, immunomodulation, and pathogen resistance. ? Probiotic: ??live microanisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host?? ? Mechanisms? A genomics approach Probiotics and Lactobacillus 0 . 1 L . sobrius L . amylovorus 98 L . kitasatonis 88 L . ultunensis 6 L . kefiranofaciens L . crispatus 34 22 L . acidophilus 36 L . helveticus L . gallinarum 87 16 L . suntoryeus 95 L . apis L . insectis 100 L . diolivorans 100 L . acetotolerans 51 54 L . hamsteri L . amylolyticus 73 L . intestinalis 50 L . kalixensis 37 78 L . delbrueckii 61 L . jensenii L . fornicalis 100 L . psittaci 98 80 L . johnsonii L . gasseri 100 L . iners 99 95 L . amylophilus 100 L . oris L . antri 9