【正文】 sii 58 L . mindensis 99 L . versmoldensis 74 L . letivazi 100 L . plantarum L . pentosus 67 L . arizonensis 69 L . paraplantarum 100 63 12 L . graminis L . curvatus 99 L . sakei 99 L . fuchuensis 100 0 7 L . perolens L . harbinensis 100 L . concavus 17 72 L . salivarius L . aviarius 41 L . cypricasei L . acidipiscis 100 31 L . equi L . agilis 57 22 L . ruminus 14 L . murinus L . animalis 100 16 L . vini L . mobilis 100 L . satsumensis 59 L . nagelii 59 L . saerimneri L . mali 3 3 81 64 L . algidus Bsubtilis L. johnsonii (PNAS, 2022) L. acidophilus (PNAS, 2022) L. plantarum (PNAS, 2022) L. salivarius L. sakei (Nat Biotech 2022) A B C D E Lactobacillus Genome Sequencing Projects 0 . 1 L . sobrius L . amylovorus 98 L . kitasatonis 88 L . ultunensis 6 L . kefiranofaciens L . crispatus 34 22 L . acidophilus 36 L . helveticus L . gallinarum 87 16 L . suntoryeus 95 L . apis L . insectis 100 L . diolivorans 100 L . acetotolerans 51 54 L . hamsteri L . amylolyticus 73 L . intestinalis 50 L . kalixensis 37 78 L . delbrueckii 61 L . jensenii L . fornicalis 100 L . psittaci 98 80 L . johnsonii L . gasseri 100 L . iners 99 95 L . amylophilus 100 L . oris L . antri 99 L . panis 36 L . vaginalis 18 L . frumenti 22 L . pontis 36 L . reuteri 85 L . thermotolerans L . ingluviei 100 L . fermentum 59 L . gastricus 62 L . mucosae 73 14 L . coleohominis 97 49 L . vaccinostercus L . durianis 100 L . suebicus 89 L . oligofermentans 51 18 L . siligionis L . rossiae 100 28 L . larvae L . paracasei 50 L . zeae L . casei 78 100 0 L . rennini L . halophilus 100 L . coryniformis 94 L . bifermentans 88 L . sharpeae L . pantheris 74 L . manihotivorans 46 10 0 L . parabuchneri L . ferintoshensis 90 L . parakefiri L . buchneri 100 74 L . kefiri 98 L . vermiforme L . hilgardii 100 98 L . zymae L . acidifarinae 100 L . hammesii L . brevis 53 29 L . spicheri 90 34 L . paracollinoides L . collinoides 100 15 L . sanfranciscensis L . lindneri 100 L . homohiochii L . fructivorans 97 95 24 L . malefermentans 45 L . kunkeei 15 L . paraalimentarius L . kimchii 98 L . alimentarius 99 L . farciminis 64 L . nantesii 58 L . mindensis 99 L . versmoldensis 74 L . letivazi 100 L . plantarum L . pentosus 67 L . arizonensis 69 L . paraplantarum 100 63 12 L . graminis L . curvatus 99 L . sakei 99 L . fuchuensis 100 0 7 L . perolens L . harbinensis 100 L . concavus 17 72 L . salivarius L . aviarius 41 L . cypricasei L . acidipiscis 100 31 L . equi L . agilis 57 22 L . ruminus 14 L . murinus L . animalis 100 16 L . vini L . mobilis 100 L . satsumensis 59 L . nagelii 59 L . saerimneri L . mali 3 3 81 64 L . algidus Bsubtilis L. salivarius (PNAS, 2022) A B C D E Lactobacillus Genome Sequencing Projects L. bulgaricus (PNAS, 2022) L. casei (PNAS, 2022) L. reuteri (4 strains) L. brevis (PNAS, 2022) L. gasseri (PNAS, 2022) L. helveticus(J. Bacteriol. 2022) Genome in progress L. rhamnosus (2 strains) L. Johnsonii (PNAS, 2022) L. acidophilus (PNAS, 2022) L. plantarum (PNAS, 2022) L. sakei (Nat Biotech 2022) L. fermentum L. ruminis L. buchneri 10 species available 6 species ongoing Lactobacillus salivarius ? First described by Rogosa et al. 1953, two subspecies recognized ? Mainly isolated from ? intestinal mucosa of 9% of human subjects (Molin et al. 1993) ? Tongue and rectum of 12% of healthy adults (Ahrne et al. 1998) ? Feces of infants (Heilig et al. 2022) Strain UCC118 ? Human ilealcaecal isolate1 ? Resistant to acid and bile2 ? Broad spectrum bacteriocin ABP1183 ? Attenuates induced arthritis amp。 colitis4 1: Dunne et al. 1999。 2: Dunne et al. 2022。 3: Flynn et al. 2022 。 4: Sheil et al. 2022 Multireplicon genome architecture Claesson, Li et al. PNAS, 2022, 103: 67186723 (cover article) ? NAcetylneuraminate ? Sorbitol PTS and related ? Pyruvate related metabolism ? Gluconeogenesis ? Rhamnose metabolism ? Ribose metabolism ? Mannose PTS ? Replication proteins pMP118 242,436 bps 50000 100000 150000 202200 Metabolic capabilities encoded by pMP118 ? Bacteriocin ABP118 Genomics reveals new metabolic capability Red: pMP118 genes Green: chromosomal genes Amber: encoded by both Claesson et al. PNAS, 2022, 103: 67186723 0 CONTROL 1 GLYCEROL 2 ERYTHRITOL 3 DARABINOSE 4 LARABINOSE UCC118 6 DXYLOSE 7 LXYLOSE 8 ADONITOL 9 ?METHYLDXYLOSIDE 10 GALACTOSE 11 GLUCOSE 12 FRUCTOSE 5 DRIBOSE 13 MANNOSE 14 SORBOSE 15 RHAMNOSE 16 DULCITOL 17 INOSITOL 18 MANNITOL 19 SORBITOL 20 ?–METHYLDMANNOSIDE 21 ?–METHYLDGLUCOSIDE 22 NACETYLGLUCOSAMINE 23 AMYGDALIN 24 ARBUTIN 25 ESCULIN 26 SALICIN 27 CELLOBIOSE 28 MALTOSE 29 LACTOSE 30 MELIBIOSE 31 SACCHAROSE 32 TREHALOSE 33 INULIN 34 MELEZITOSE 35 RAFFINOSE 36 STARCH 37 GLYCOGEN 38 XY