【正文】 ....................................................................7 生產(chǎn)工藝 .............................................................................................7 生產(chǎn)工藝流程確定 .............................................................................8 生產(chǎn)工藝流程 .............................................................................8 工藝流程圖 .................................................................................8 工藝過程說明 ....................................................................................8 醋化崗位 .....................................................................................8 酸洗離心洗滌 .............................................................................9 水洗離心洗滌 .............................................................................9 干燥崗位 .....................................................................................9 回收崗位 .....................................................................................93 物料衡算 ....................................................................................9 溶解罐的物料衡算 .............................................................................9 酰化反應(yīng)的物料衡算 .......................................................................11 滲濾槽的物料衡算 ...........................................................................12 酸洗離心機的物料衡算 ...................................................................13 水洗離心機的物料衡算 ...................................................................14 流化床的物料衡算 ...........................................................................164 能量衡算 ..................................................................................16 反應(yīng)罐能量衡算 ..............................................................................16 比熱容的計算 ...........................................................................17 能量衡算 .....................................................................................185 主要工藝設(shè)備計算 ....................................................................19 工藝設(shè)備選型原則 ...........................................................................19 工藝設(shè)備計算 ...................................................................................19 醋化反應(yīng)釜 .................................................................................19 夾套的計算 ...............................................................................20 筒體的材料和壁厚 ...................................................................22 水壓試驗及其強度校核 ...........................................................23 選擇釜體法蘭 ...........................................................................24 選用手孔、視鏡、溫度計、和工藝接管 ...............................25 攪拌器的設(shè)計計算 ...................................................................26 容器支座的選用計算 ...............................................................26 酸洗離心機 .......................................................................................26 水洗離心機 .......................................................................................26 振動流化床干燥器 ...........................................................................27 母液蒸餾罐 .......................................................................................27 循環(huán)母液反應(yīng)罐 ...............................................................................276 管道設(shè)計 ..................................................................................27 管道計算 ...........................................................................................27 水楊酸的進料管道的計算 .........................................................28 酸酐的進料管道的計算 .............................................................28 母液的管道進料計算 .................................................................287 車間布置設(shè)計 ...........................................................................29 概述 ...................................................................................................29 車間布置設(shè)計的依據(jù) .......................................................................29 車間布置設(shè)計應(yīng)考慮的因素 ...........................................................30 車間布置設(shè)計的程序 .......................................................................30 車間設(shè)計的成果 ...............................................................................318 公用工程 ..................................................................................31 排水系統(tǒng) ...........................................................................................31 電氣和照明 ......................................................................................33 電氣設(shè)計和安裝 .........................................................................33 環(huán)境消毒 ...........................................................................................33 滅菌與消毒 .................................................................................339 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟 ..................................................................................34 投資指標(biāo) ...........................................................................................34設(shè)計體會 ........................................................................................35參考文獻 ........................................................................................36 阿司匹林 是歷史悠久的解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥，它誕生于 1899 年 3 月 6 號。早在1853 看夏天，弗雷德克到目前為為止，阿司匹林已應(yīng)用百年，成為醫(yī)藥史上三大經(jīng)典藥物之一，至今它仍是世界上應(yīng)用最廣泛的解熱、鎮(zhèn)痛和抗炎藥，也是作為比較和評價其他藥物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制劑。臨床上用于預(yù)防心腦血管疾病的發(fā)作。將阿司匹林及其他水楊酸衍生物與乙烯醇、醋酸纖維素等含羥基聚合物進行熔融酯化，使其高分子化，所得產(chǎn)物的抗炎性和解熱止痛性比游離的阿司匹林更長效。1897 年由水楊醋和醋酐反應(yīng)制成，是應(yīng)用最早和最廣泛的解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥，臨床應(yīng)用已逾百年?；杖苡谒?，易溶于乙醇。穩(wěn)定性差，極易水解，生成水楊酸( 具毒副作用) 和醋酸。生產(chǎn)中還可產(chǎn)生醋酸苯酯、水楊酸苯酯和乙酰水楊苯酯。產(chǎn)生的少量乙酰水楊酸酐雜質(zhì)可引起過敏反應(yīng)。 臨床上用途 小劑量可勰熱、鎮(zhèn)痛，用于感冒退熱、緩解頭痛和全身痛?？删徑廨p度或中度的疼痛，對鈍痛如頭痛、牙痛、神經(jīng)痛、關(guān)節(jié)痛、肌肉痛及月經(jīng)痛等有較好的鎮(zhèn)痛效果，也用于感冒、流感等退熱。阿司匹林服后吸收迅速而完全，解熱、鎮(zhèn)痛作用較強，作用于下丘腦體溫中樞引起外周血管擴張、皮膚血流增加，出汗，使散熱增強而起到解熱作用。阿司匹林可減少炎癥部位具有痛覺增敏作用的物質(zhì)——前列腺素(PG)的生成，故有明顯的鎮(zhèn)痛作用，