【正文】 not a Christian but a pagan poem. The whole poem presents us an allround picture of the tribal society and Christian culture. ? 2) The use of the strong stress and the predominance of consonants are very notable in this poem. Each line is divided into two halves, and each half has two heavy stresses. ? 3) The use of the alliteration is another notable feature. Three stresses of the whole line are made even more emphatic by the use of alliteration. ? 4) A lot of metaphors and understatements are used in the poem. For example, the sea is called the whaleroad or the swan road。 教學重點： 1．古英語詩歌的分類及特征； 2．史詩《貝武奧甫》及寫作特點； 3．英語修辭手法頭韻、抑言陳述。謝里丹 The School for Scandal《造謠學?！? The Rivals《情敵》 Alexander Pope 亞歷山大 彭斯 A Red, Red Rose《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》 Richard Brinsley Sheridan 理查德 格雷 Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard《墓園挽歌》 William Blake 威廉 斯威夫特 Gulliver’ s Travels 《格列佛游記》 ? Henry Fielding 菲爾丁 Tom Jones《湯姆 笛福 Robinson Crusoe 《魯濱遜漂流記》 Moll Flanders《摩爾 馬洛 Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士》 ? Ben Jonson 本 莫爾 Utopia《烏托邦》 ? Edmund Spencer 埃德蒙 喬叟 The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》 William Langland 威廉 教學方法與手段： 講授與討論相結合。 使學生從整體沙上了解英國文學各個時期的歷史背景、文學形式、主要作品、作家等，以便在整體上對英國文學有一個清晰的認識。 教學方法與手段： 講授與討論相結合。英國文學教案教學目的 ： 使學生了解英國文學這門課的性質、學習方法、學習要求等； 使學生知道什么是文學 以及各種文學形式 。 教學重點與難點： 什么是文學 以及各種文學形式的概念 。 教授 內容： General Introduction on Literature Mainly, there are three kinds of literature: fiction, poetry, and drama. I. Fiction 1) Definition: fiction created from the imagination, not presented as fact, though it may base on a true story or situation. 2) Elements 1. Plot: a sequence of interrelated actions and events. Five stages of plot: exposition, plication, crisis, falling action and resolution. 2. Characters: the people in fiction Types of characters: protagonist vs. antagonist Flat vs. round characters Dynamic vs. static characters 3. Setting: place and objects in fiction Types: natural, manufactured 4. Point of view: the angle or perspective from which the author observes and tells the story. 5. Theme: what the author is to say in his story. 6. Style: the author’s particular way of telling his story. 7. Tone: the author’s attitude toward his subject or audience. 8. Symbolism: a key to extended meaning 9. Allegory: the author’s attempt to reinforce his theme by making his characters represent some specific abstract ideas or qualities. II. Poetry 1) Definition: classified as narrative or lyric. 2) Elements 1. Imagery An image is a concrete representation of a sense impression, a feeling, or an idea. 2. Symbolism A symbol is any object or action that means more than itself, any object or objection that represents something beyond itself. 3. Sound: Rhyme, alliteration and assonance III. Drama 1) Definition: a dialogue performed by actors on a stage before an audience. 2) Elements 1. Dialogue 2. Staging 3. Genres: edy, tragedy and tragicedy. 教學目的： 使學生了解什么是英國文學。 教學重點 ： 英國文學各個歷史時期文學的歷史背景、文學形式、主要作家作品。 教授內容： A Brief Introduction to English Literature 1. Old English Literature（ . ~ 1066） 1） History background： The making of the England: Jutes, Angles and Saxons invaded Albion and bined into one United Kingdomthe England. Their dialects gradually grew into a single language called AngloSaxon, or Old English. The transition from tribal society to feudalism 2) Main literature: poetry 3) Main writers: Caedmon, Cynewulf, Venerable Bede and Alfred the Great. 4) Main work: The Song of Beowulf 貝奧武甫 2. Medieval English Literature (106615th century) 1） History background： Feudal system was established Roman Catholic Church controlled over the country. 2) Main literature: poetry, Romance, Popular ballad 3) Main writers and their works: Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里 朗格蘭 Piers the Plowman《農夫皮爾斯》 Thomas Malory 馬 洛里 The Death of Arthur Robin Hood Ballads 《羅賓漢民謠集》 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士與綠衣騎士》 3. Renaissance English literature (late 15th century ~ early 17th century) 1） History background： ? The establishment of Tudor Dynasty (都鐸王朝 )(1485~1603) ? Religious Reformation ? The establishment of Protestantism ? Commercial expansion abroad ? The War with Spain ? Movement of Renaissance ? The thought of humanism arose 2) Main literature: poetry (son and blank verse), drama, essay 3) Main writers and their works: ? Thomas More 托馬斯 斯賓塞 The shepherd’s Calendar《牧人日歷》 The Faerie Queene 《仙后》 ? William Shakespeare ? Francis Bacon Essays《隨筆集》 ? Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗 瓊生 Volpone《福爾蓬奈》 4. English Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period (17th century) 1） History background： ? English Revolution (1649) ? The establishment of a Commonwealth ? The monarchy was restored (1660) ? Glorious Revolution(1688) 2) Main literature: poetry, edy, prose 3) Main writers and their works: ? John Milton 彌爾頓 Paradise Lost《失樂園》 Samson Agonistes 《力士參孫》 ? John Bunyan 班揚 The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路歷程》 ? John Dryden 德萊頓 Alexander’ s Feast《亞歷山大的宴會》 The Indian Queen《印第安王后》 ? John Donne 多恩 The Elegies and Satires《挽歌與諷刺》 18th century English literaturethe age of Enlightenment History background： ? A period of paratively peaceful development ? Industrial Revolution ? Enlightenment（啟蒙運動） ? The struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. 2) Main literature: poetry, drama, fiction 3) Literature trends: ? a) neoclassicism ? b) realistic novel. ? c) Sentimentalism ? d) Preromanticism 4) Main writers and their works: ? Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾 弗蘭德斯》 ? Jonathan Swift 喬納森 瓊斯》 ? Thomas Gray 托馬斯 布萊克 Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》 Songs of Experience《經驗之歌》 Robert Burns 羅伯特 布林斯利 蒲柏 The Rape of the Lock《卷發(fā)遇劫記》 教學目的： 1．了解古英語文學的概況； 2．掌握古英語詩歌的特點。 教學難點 ：分