高三英語(yǔ)：專題九非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞十一-專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)-展示頁(yè)
2025-06-16 23:51本頁(yè)面
【正文】 (狀態(tài))I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)2．leave 后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其中的leave 保留了原來(lái)之義“留下”，但表達(dá)的確切之義應(yīng)是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)）。I heard the English song sung many 。如：I heard her sing an English song just now. 剛才我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她唱了一首英文歌。2011年高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)專題九 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（十一）——專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)熱點(diǎn)一 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能名稱主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式√√√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√現(xiàn)在分詞√√√√過(guò)去分詞√√√√熱點(diǎn)二 分詞、不定式作賓補(bǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、分詞、不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1．感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役動(dòng)詞have 后面的賓補(bǔ)有三種形式，即原形動(dòng)詞（不帶to 的不定式）、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成，動(dòng)詞原形表主動(dòng)和完成。I heard her singing and English song when I passed by her room ，我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在唱英文歌。注意：不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表完成和狀態(tài)。leave sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事（賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。）如：It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你讓機(jī)器一直開(kāi)著是不對(duì)的。（被動(dòng)，完成）He left, leaving me to do all the rest work. 他走了，留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。（被動(dòng)，將來(lái)）3．have, get 后接的三種形式作賓補(bǔ)（其中heave, get 表示“使、讓、叫”之意）① have sth. done = get sth. done “使/讓某事由別人去做”（叫/讓某人做某事）。如Tom had his leg broken while playing football.Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. ② have sb. / sth. doing 使/讓某人/物持續(xù)地做某事（現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行）get sb. / sth. doing 使某人/物開(kāi)始行動(dòng)起來(lái)如：The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time. 農(nóng)忙時(shí)，農(nóng)民們讓拖拉機(jī)夜以繼日地干活。注意：“have sb. doing”若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。Don’t have the water running all the time. 不要讓水流個(gè)不停。如：① An army spokesman stressed that all thd soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots. ② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.三、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)小竅門(mén)下列動(dòng)詞后在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用不帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要加上to：它們是“吾看三室兩廳一感覺(jué)”——5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2聽(tīng)（listen to, hear）；1感覺(jué)（fell）。如：At that time, I found him crying in the street. He was caught stealing. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 熱點(diǎn)三 不定式、分詞作定語(yǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、不定式作定語(yǔ)1．作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。如：He had no money and no place to live (in).We found a way to solve this problem (in).2．當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。如：He was the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to sin the gold medal in the Olympic Games. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 用來(lái)修飾的詞是抽象名詞時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。 being + 過(guò)去分詞；過(guò)去分詞。例如：The houses being built are for the teachers. The broken glass is Tom’s. I have never seen a more moving movie. 2．作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式為：V –ing 和過(guò)去分詞。如：falling leaves 正落的葉子 fallen leaves 落下的葉子boiling water 正沸騰的水
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