【正文】 .................................................................................................10 經(jīng)濟(jì)方面 ....................................................................................................... 11 管理方面 .......................................................................................................12 3 既有居住建筑的節(jié)能改造 設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................14 氣候特征與建筑節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................14 氣候的核心要素 .............................................................................................14 氣候分區(qū)及熱工性能 ......................................................................................14 平面節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................16 平面節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì)遵循的原則 ........................................................................16 重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 目 錄 IV 較為可行的節(jié)能改造措施 ...............................................................................18 立面節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................21 確定合適的窗墻比 .........................................................................................22 建筑遮陽(yáng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................22 圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................23 屋面節(jié)能改造 ................................................................................................24 墻體節(jié)能改造 ................................................................................................26 門窗節(jié)能改造 ................................................................................................27 采暖系統(tǒng)節(jié)能改造設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................30 熱源改造 .......................................................................................................30 熱網(wǎng)改造 .......................................................................................................30 室內(nèi)采暖系統(tǒng)改造 .........................................................................................30 可再生能源利用 .....................................................................................................32 太陽(yáng)能利用 ....................................................................................................32 地?zé)崮芾?....................................................................................................35 4 既有居住建筑節(jié)能改造的保障措施 ...............................................................37 既有居住建筑節(jié)能改造的 外部經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析 ..............................................................37 既有居住建筑節(jié)能改造主體的利益分析 ..................................................................38 既有居住建筑節(jié)能改造的保障措施 .........................................................................40 5 結(jié)論與 展望 ..............................................................................................................42 結(jié)論 .......................................................................................................................42 展望 .......................................................................................................................42 致 謝 .......................................................................................................................44 參考文獻(xiàn) .......................................................................................................................45 附 錄 .......................................................................................................................47 重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 1 導(dǎo) 論 1 1 導(dǎo) 論 研究背景 能源、 環(huán)境 的重要性 能源是人類生存和發(fā)展 的 重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ) 。s large population, relative shortage and excessive consumption of energy resources, and the resulting environmental pollution. Building energy consumption is one of the most important part of social energy, especially the existing building energy consumption. The important way for energy saving of the existing buildings is to build energy efficiency and to reduce total energy consumption of the munity. This paper hopes to make more feasible technical means and security measures for existing residential buildings nationwide on energysaving theory and practice of service. In this paper, literature research, survey, parative analysis and some other methods are used on building energy conservation and energy efficiency of existing buildings based on the definition of the concept, then analysis of energy efficiency of existing residential buildings in China39。 關(guān)鍵詞： 建筑節(jié)能 ， 居住建筑 ， 節(jié)能改造， 外部性 英文摘要 II ABSTRACT Energy is important for human survival and social development. There are so many problems restricting China39。 在 技術(shù)層面上 綜合氣候條件、既有 居住 建筑特點(diǎn)等客觀因素， 研究 了 既有 居住 建筑 節(jié)能改造較為可行 的 技術(shù)措施 ， 主要 從氣候在既有建筑節(jié)能改造 中的地位和作用、平面、立面、 圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu) 、采暖空調(diào)系統(tǒng)以及可再生能源利用系統(tǒng) 改造 設(shè)計(jì)等 方面 來闡述 。本文的研究就是希望通過既有 居住 建筑節(jié)能現(xiàn)狀分析，從技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)兩個(gè)方面提出既有 居住 建筑節(jié)能改造較為可行的技術(shù)手段和保障措施，為全國(guó)既有 居住 建筑節(jié)能改造理論和實(shí)踐服務(wù)。建筑能耗是社會(huì)能耗的三架馬車之一 , 既有建筑能耗是建筑能耗最大的組成部分。 既有居住建筑節(jié)能改造 研究 Study on Exisiting Residential Building Energy Saving Reconstruction A Thesis Submitted to Chongqing University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Engineering By Li Yawen Supervised by Prof. Zhang Shilian Major: Management Science and Engineering College of Construction management and Real Estate of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China April 2020 中 文摘要 I 摘 要 能源是人類生存和發(fā)展 的 重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ) 。 我國(guó)人口眾多、能源資 源相對(duì)不足，近幾年能源資源過度消耗和由此造成的環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為制約我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康持續(xù)發(fā)展的重大問題。 對(duì)既有建筑進(jìn)行節(jié)能改造， 是建筑節(jié)能、降低社會(huì)總能耗的重要途徑。 本文 通過文獻(xiàn)研究法、調(diào)查訪問法、比較分析法等方式， 在對(duì)建筑節(jié)能和既有建筑節(jié)能概念進(jìn)行界定的基礎(chǔ)上，分