【正文】 and Chinese will be showing with the following letters.1. Sexism in EnglishSexism in English can look for in word formation, word order and proverbs,idioms,dicta,and so on. Sexism in word formationIn English, there are many instances of the male as the norm, or as linguistically unmarked. Therefore, masculine nouns are usually unmarked, whereas feminine nouns are marked with a feminine suffix(principally– ess / ette).Even in the pairs ‘male /female’,‘man/woman’,and the pronoun ‘she /he’, female words are marked as ‘female’ ,‘ woman’ ‘she’. This suggests that the male figure is the norm and the female one is deviant. It is easy to find more examples: actor/actress,waiter/waitress,master/mistress.For the occupations of higher social prestige (., doctor, lawyer, judge, professor), occupations that women do not have easy access to, and occupations with strong male associations (., pilot, officer, sailor), female counterparts are simply absent. In this case, in order to indicate a female referent, such words as woman/female/lady/girl are employed, ., woman /lady doctor, girl reporter. Masculine nouns refer to both males and females, thus making men visible and women invisible and treating females as secondary. The words ‘mankind’ (referring to the human race) and ‘forefathers’ (referring to the persons from whom the stated person is descended) are good cases in point. This phenomenon is also obvious in the words referring to the people of a country, ., Englishman, Frenchman, Irishman, and incertainjobtitles, ., fireman, watchman, repairman, milkman, mailman,postman, post master, school master. This phenomenon is ironically called by some feminists as ‘manglish’ (coined from‘English’). American linguist Nilson, in Sexism and Language, gives a typical example to show ‘manglish’ [4].Certain words make females both visible and invisible. There are such words as ‘sportsman and sportswoman’, ‘horseman and horsewoman’. However, when it es to ‘a spirit of honest fair play and graceful winning and losing’, there is only ‘sportsmanship’, but no ‘sportswomanship’。 others can only be used as morphemes to form words with other characters , ., 菩 (p some can be used either as single words or meaning elements attached to sound elements to form new words, ., 父 (f249。關鍵詞：性別歧視；英語；漢語ContentsIntroduction 11. Sexism in English 3 Sexism in word formation 3 Sexism in word order 4 Derogatory Names for Women 5 Sexism in proverbs, idioms, dicta, and riddle 102. Sexism in Chinese 10 Sexism in word formation 11 Sexism in word order 12 Diminished Names for Women 12 Sexism in proverbs 15 Sexism in riddles 16 Sexism in pronouns 163. Similarities and Differences of Sexism in English and Chinese 17 Similarities of Sexist Phenomena in English and Chinese 17 Word order 18 Women’s nicknames 19 Negative connotations behind women’s names 20 Generic pronouns 23 Differences of Sexism between English and Chinese 24 Ideographic language and alphabetic language 24 Isolating language and inflecting language 27Conclusion 32Notes 34References 35Introduction Language is the most important tool for human munication and thinking and it reflects the thoughts, attitudes, and cultures of the people who make it and use it. Human beings use language to municate thoughts and to formulate thoughts as well. The anthropologist and linguist Edward Sapir (1928)[1] ments:By the late 18th century, scholars began to wonder how language came into being. It is Impossible to conceive of mankind existing without language, that is, language developed when man himself developed [2]. Language was created by people through production and social practice and serves their purposes. Therefore, it tends to reflect social reality and is subjected to the restrictions of people’s living habits, thinking patterns, behavior norms, moral values, political concepts and cultural traditions. Language is regarded as the existing form of thinking, even as “the identity card” of thinking. If there had not been language, there would not have been thinking and vice versa. Human beings need language in order to think, but also need thought in order to have something to say. Karl Marx points out: “Language and ideology share a long history。在英語和漢語中，性別歧視影響著英、漢語的詞的構成，在詞序中，男性詞位于女性詞之前，英語和漢語中的性別歧視有著相似點和不同點，英、漢語中性別歧視的現(xiàn)象的相似處主要體現(xiàn)在詞序，對女性的稱呼上。它是指一個性別成員對另一個性別成員的歧視，既包括對女性的歧視，也包括對男性的歧視。語言學家尤其是社會語言學家把語言的性別差異和性別歧視現(xiàn)象作為熱點討論的話題。 Chinese內 容 摘 要語言是人類交際和思維的最重要的工具,它反映了語言創(chuàng)造者和使用者的思想、態(tài)度和文化。 英語和漢語的性別歧視Sexism as Reflected in the Chinese and English LanguagesAbstractLanguage is the most important tool for human munication and thinking, and it reflects the thoughts, the attitudes, and the cultures of the people who make it and use it. Nevertheless, language, as a tool for munication, is limited in space and disappears in a flash in time. Sexism in language has for a long time remained a heated topic among linguists, especially sociolinguists. As a system of beliefs and practices that affirm the dominance of men over women on the basis of sex, sexism is an international phenomenon which occurs in almost all languages. In English and Chinese, Sexism affects word formation. In the word order, male words always occur first when listed with female words. There are similarities and differences of sexism in English and Chinese. Similarities of sexist phenomena in English and Chinese reflect in word order, address of women. In Chinese, sexism in word meaning is stronger than in English. Key words: sexism。 English。然而，語言作為一種交際工具，在空間上是受限制的，在時間上是瞬間即逝的。性別歧視，是以性別為基礎而產生的一種歧視現(xiàn)象。但是，更為經常地指對女性的歧視。而漢語中的性別歧視在詞語中比英語更強烈。 language is a practical and realistic ideology, existing not only for human beings, but also for itself”[3]. In a word, language mirrors the human society and reflects human thoughts.English writing, with the 26 letters, constitutes a wealth of vocabulary. Besides, prefixes, ., il,u