【正文】 one can lift.(定語從句）注意：，只能指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，不能指代單個先行詞：“如同那樣”： as we know/as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as has been pointed out, as might be expected(正如所預料的那樣), as is often the case(情況常常是這樣), ，既可以指代整個主句，也可以指代單個先行詞。 As we all know, air is a gas. s surface is covered by water.(2).This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.(3).This kind of puter, as is wellknown, is out of date.(5).This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.(6).I have the same trouble as you (have).(7).Don39。ll give you a lesson.This is the very book that I39。(1).All that glitters is not gold. All that can be done has been done. You can take any room that you like.There is no difficulty that we can39。 ,1949 was the day _____the PRC was founded.(5)He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go (6)Chaplin went to the States in 1910, by which time he had learned to dance and act in edies.(7)His son insisted on joining the army, in which case he had to give in.，that/which都可以指物（可互用），但在下列情況下，必須用that指物，不用which.(1).當先行詞本身為不定代詞時：all,much,little, sth,anything,everything,noyhing.(2).當先行詞被adj最高級/序數(shù)詞修飾時。ll visit the village, ______a famous battle once took place.(4).,1949 was the day ______we39。 This is the house ______my aunt bought last year.(3).We39。s the special day _______I39。ll never forget the day _____you saved me.注意：判斷用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞，主要取決于什么？取決于引導詞在從句中所充當?shù)某煞郑喝粢龑г~在從句中充當主語、賓語、定語時，須用關(guān)系代詞；若引導詞在從句中充當狀語時，須用關(guān)系副詞。(2).where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。(5).that指人或物，在從句指作主語或賓語。(4).which指物，在從句指作主語或賓語。（2).whom指人，在從句中作賓語。定語從句？先行詞？引導詞？定語從句的位置如何？(1).A plane is a machine that can fly.(2).The noodles that I cooked were deliicious.(3).Who is the man that is reading over there?(4).The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim39。t sound right.(8).The dish smells good/delicious.(9).The liquid tastes bitter.(10).My job is to teach English./teaching English.(11).This story is very interesting.(12).I39。(1).The news was exciting.(2).He was excited at the news.(3).The teachers39。ll have the bike repaired.(6).I heard him singing happily in the next room.(7).That man made the boy obey him.(8).He painted the door red.(9).She found her bike stolen.(10).let me have a look. We call her Xiao li.(11).We asked them to stay for lunch.(12).I wish you to go with me.(13).Don39。五大基本句型（n./pron./to do sth/doing sth/主語從句）——謂(vi.)（如：e,go,arrive, stay, work, fall,rise, die, happen, fail, appear,lie,sit,stand,last)(1).The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(2).Your brother has gone home.(3).We work hard at English.（：visit, spend, forget, raise,have,seat,astonish,satisfy,embarass)賓（n./pron./to do sth/doing sth/賓語從句）(1).I study chemistry and he studies physics.(2).I have never seen such an interesting film.(3).He doesn39。t know what to read.（vt.)間接賓語（sb)直接賓語(sth.)(1).Give sb sth=Give sth to sb: send, pass, hand, show(2).Buy sb sth=Buy sth for sb: make, get, cook, call, find(3).Ask sb sth=Ask sth of sb(1).Will you lend me your bike?(2).Peter bought Mary a new dress.(3).Please get him some hot water.(4).Will you tell us sth about your school life?(5).This little boy is always asking the teacher all sorts of questions.(6).Pass me the paper, please.(7)John is teaching Mary how to ride a bicycle.(vt.)賓補(n./adj/adv/介詞短語/to do sth如：ask, tell, order,want, wish, encourage, allow, forbid/Do sth如：“四看”、“二聽”、“一感覺”；have, let 與 make /Doing sth/Done by sb.)(1).I saw her enter the lab.(2).Nathan Hale felt his heart beating fast.(3).We elected him our school headmaster.(4).The students often keep their classroom clean and tidy.(5).I39。t keep your mother waiting.(14).suddenly she saw a wallet lying on the ground.(15).When he woke up, he found himself tied down.(be/look,smell,taste,sound,feel/prove,remain,stay,keep/turn,get,bee,make)表（n./adj./adv./介詞短語/to do sth/doing sth./done by sb./表語從句）。 office is clean and tidy.(4).She became a League member in 1978.(5).The Summer Palace looks especially beautiful in the early morning.(6).The music sounds sweet.(7).Your answer doesn39。m interested in the story.(13).He became a writer in 1960. 比較： He turned writer in 1960.(14).He will make a good athlete.（成為）希望你能熟記上述經(jīng)典例句，真正掌握這五大基本句型呀。s sister.(5).The fish which we bought were not fresh.(6).Who is the person whom you just talked to?(6).Mrs. Read is the person to whom you should write.(7).I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.(8).This is the house where we lived last year.(9).The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.(10).Wei Fang is the student whose home caught fire last night.:（1).who指人，在從句中作主語。(3).whose指人或物，在從句中作定語。which還可以作定語起到限定詞的作用（this/that/these/those),但其前面必須有介詞。(5)as指人或物，在從句中作主、賓、表，既可以引導限制性定語從句(the sameas, suchas, as/soas),也可以引導非限制性定語從句（位置靈活).3個關(guān)系副詞:(1).when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語。(3).why指原因，在從句中作原因狀語。(1).I39。 That39。ll never forget.(2).This is the house _____my aunt lived last year.ll visit the village, ______was once the site of a famous battle. We39。ll never forget.(3).當先行詞被the very(正是、就是)、the only、the last修飾時。t overe.This is the last time that I39。m after.China is not the country that it used to be.(關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時）：(as在定語從句中必須充當成分：主語、賓語、表語)(1).The sameas(2).Suchas(3).Asclause, mainclause.==Mainclause, asclause.(4).such/asas(5)as/soas(1).As we know, more than 70 % of the earth39。t talk about such things as you do not understand.(8).Air is a gas, as is known to us. Air, as we know, is a gas.(9)He can lift so heavy a stone as no one else can.比較：This is so heavy a stone /such a heavy stone that no one can lift it.(結(jié)果狀語從句)指代