【正文】 鄭州科技學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 題 目 12 座觀光電動車的設(shè)計 學(xué)生姓名 何昕 專業(yè)班級 08 級機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化 2 班 學(xué) 號 202233048 院 （系） 機械工程學(xué)院 指導(dǎo)教師 (職稱 ) 完成時間 2022 年 5 月 15 日 12 座觀光電動車設(shè)計 I 摘 要 汽車已成為當(dāng)今人類社會不可缺少的工具，是城市居民日常生活的一部分，他可以拉動 倍的相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)和解決 10%左右的社會總勞動力的就業(yè)之一。汽車與人民的緊密度越來越緊，他對人類社會進(jìn)步產(chǎn)生著巨大的推動作用，世界上汽車保有量也與日俱增。人們開始關(guān)注電動汽車，電動汽車可以實現(xiàn)零排放，無污染，無 噪聲。 本次設(shè)計主要研究電動汽車的部分內(nèi)容，包括電動機的選擇，減速器差速器的設(shè)計，制動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計四部分內(nèi)容。制動系統(tǒng)是電動汽車不可缺少的一部分，特別是旅游觀光車需要頻繁的啟停，制動系統(tǒng)必須穩(wěn)定且剎車穩(wěn)定。s close degree more and more tight, he human society advances to such a vast role, auto possession in the world was growing. But the bus rapid development and increasing the number of brought trouble, especially the impact of human sustainable development of environmental pollution problems and appear energy shortage. People begin to pay close attention to electric cars, electric cars can realize zero emissions, no pollution, no noise. So the electric car is imperative. The main research electric car design part of the content, including the choice of motor, gear reducer of differential design, braking system design four sections. The idea is through the use of variable frequency speed regulation wheel speed motor, gear reducer increasing the role of the slow twist, differential realize the same shaft two rounds in turning to the different speed. Braking system is an indispensable part of the electric car, especially tourism car need frequent rev. Stop, braking system must be stable and braking stability. KEYWORDS ： Tourism car, The electric car ,Motor,Reducer,Differential mechanism,brake 12 座觀光電動車設(shè)計 III 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................... 1 電動汽車的概念 .................................................................................. 1 電動車輛的優(yōu)點 .................................................................................. 1 電動汽車的發(fā)展 .................................................................................. 2 電動汽車發(fā)展所面臨的問題 .............................................................. 3 電動車輛的主要組成部分 .................................................................. 4 2 電動機的選擇 ............................................................................................... 4 3 主減速器的設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 6 總傳動方案的確定 .............................................................................. 6 主減速器傳動方案的確定 .................................................................. 7 減速器主要參數(shù)的確定 ...................................................................... 8 減速方案 ....................................................................................................... 8 確定從動錐齒輪的計算轉(zhuǎn)矩 ....................................................................... 9 主減速器錐齒輪基本參數(shù)的選擇 ............................................................ 10 “格里森”制主減速器錐齒輪強度計算 ................................................ 13 主減速器錐齒輪材料的選擇 ............................................................ 15 4 差速器的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 15 差速器齒輪主要參數(shù)的選擇 ............................................................ 16 差速器傳遞形式確定 ................................................................................ 16 12 座觀光電動車設(shè)計 IV 行星齒輪和半軸齒輪齒數(shù)的選擇 ............................................................ 16 錐齒輪大端端面模數(shù) m 為 ....................................................................... 16 壓力角 ........................................................................................................ 17 行星齒輪軸直徑 d 及支撐長度 L ............................................................. 17 差速器齒輪材料選取 ................................................................................ 17 5 半軸的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................. 19 半軸主要的載荷工況 : ....................................................................... 19 半軸計算轉(zhuǎn)矩及桿部直徑 ................................................................ 19 強度校核 ............................................................................................ 20 6 制動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................... 20 概述 .................................................................................................... 20 盤式制動器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) ................................................................ 22 制動力矩的計算 ................................................................................ 22 制動力的計算 ............................................................................................ 22 制動力分配系數(shù) ........................................................................................ 24 同步附著系數(shù) ............................................................................................ 25 制動強度和附著系數(shù)利用率 .................................................................... 26 最大制動力矩 ............................................................................................ 27 制動器主要結(jié)構(gòu)零件設(shè)計 ................................................................ 28 制動盤 ........................................................................................................ 28 制動鉗 ........................................................................................................