【正文】
官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 13 ? Blood transfusion(輸血) Blood transfusion should generally be given only to severely anemic patients(hemoglobin/血色素 67g/dl) or when significant intraoperative blood loss is expected. ? Controlling infection. 弗能冷巢礎虎斧搓域欣國盅酵畜份賣墳歡添圍睦犀媳汝揪鱉胰撕楚基緣姿器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 14 ? Treatment of plication ? ( Hypertension , cardiac function , ? fluid , electrolyte and acidbase disturbance and so on) ? Fasting(禁食) ? Premedication(術前用藥) ? Protection of arteries and veins fistula 是盜嗅滓語藍瓊曉帽褲偷恕繕糕賜特訟緒離耍塘迄桓轄候典舌剖汰伺潞療器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 15 ?Principles of anesthesia management ? Principles of anesthetics chosen Anesthetics not primarily dependent on renal excretion for elimination , no nephrotoxicity(腎毒性) and having short duration of action should be used. ? 徘匈畜缽蟲恤訛貪遙捏溶瓣寓典念督究橋峻滯果銅入錘涵摻太陰郡天吐乒器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 16 ? Venous anesthetics ? Propofol(異丙酚) , Fentanyl(芬太尼) , Midazolum(咪達唑侖) ,Etomidate(依托咪酯) and small doses of Sodium pentothal(硫噴妥鈉) are often used. ? Inhalational anesthetics ? Isoflurane(異氟烷) ,Enflurane(安氟烷) ,Nitrous oxide(笑氣) , Desflurane(地氟烷 )and sevoflurane(七氟烷) are often used, methoxyflurane(甲氧氟烷) is forbidden because of its nephrotoxicity . 敘懂零哪喀腎信窄命酌論傲極搔兄素念覽舞突菏瘟汝腎幸立臀砍鴦蚜程祈器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 17 ? Muscle relaxants Atracurium(阿曲庫銨) ,Rocuronium(羅庫溴銨) and Vecuronium(維庫溴銨) are often used,don’t use succinylcholine(琥珀膽堿) . ? Local asnesthetics Lidocaine, ? Bupivacaine, Rupivacaine and Dicaine are often used, notice toxicity reactions induced by excessive of local anesthetics, don’t use epinephrine(腎上腺素) . ? 切硼豪象菠奢澤東賊僚魏欠鑼捉化汪撈篇汗佐匠朽碌孜邑羽園木越孔酵趨器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語器 官 移 植 麻 醉雙語 18 ? Postoperative analgesics ? Dolantin , tramal , fortanoryn , ? PCEA. ? ? Choice of anesthesia ? Principles No pain ,muscle relaxed, ? se