【正文】 xhibit When a human infant is born into any munity in any part of the world it has two things in mon with any infant, provided (26) neither of them have been damaged in any way (27) either before or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born children are pletely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay (28) attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within minutes of (29) birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, (30) sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, pared with the human infant they very quickly grow the capacity to fend for them. (31) It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others (32) that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now suggest that language be species specific to (33) the human race, that is to say, they consider the human infant to be geic programmed in (34) such way that it can acquire language. This (35) suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to see threedimensionally and in colour, and just as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as wellformed human beings. PART III READING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN.) SECTION A: READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN.) Direction: In this section there are four reading passages followed by fifteen multiplechoice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your Answer Sheet. TEXT A Low selfesteem pops up regularly in academic reports as an explanation for all sorts of violence, from hate crimes and street crimes to terrorism. But despite the popularity of the explanation, not much evidence backs it up. In a recent issue of Psychological Review, three researchers examine this literature at length and conclude that a much stronger link connects high selfesteem to violence. It is difficult to maintain belief in the low selfesteem view after seeing that the more violent groups are generally the ones with higher selfesteem, write Roy Baumeister of Case Western Reserve University and Laura Smart and Joseph Boden of the University of Virginia. The conventional view is that people without selfesteem try to gain it by hurting others. The researchers find that violence is much more often the work of people with unrealistically high selfesteem attacking others who challenge their selfimage. Under this umbrella e bullies, rapists, racists, psychopaths and members of street gangs and anized crime. The study concludes: Certain forms of high selfesteem seem to increase one39。 accent, associated with (22) social classes. Its present status Decline in the prestige of RP is the result of a) loss of monopoly of education by the privileged。 2) RP is largely used in England。 GAPFILLING Direction: In this section you will hear a minilecture. You will hear the lecture ONLY ONCE. While listening to the lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to plete a 15minute gapfilling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini lecture. Use the blank sheet for notetaking. ANSWER SHEET ONE Fill in each of the gaps with ONE suitable word. You may refer to your notes. Make sure the word you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. The Rise of RP Historical reasons Received Pronunciation (RP) was originally associated with a (16) spoken in the region between central England and London, including Oxford and Cambridge. Its survival was due to its use by the (17) in the 14th century and by university students in the (18) Ages. Its rise in importance resulted from its application in government and official documents. The prestige of its (19) pattern of pronunciation came about with its use in (20) schools in the 19th century. As a result, its (21) is accepted by Television and the radio, the professions and teaching English as a foreign language. Three characteristics of RP 1) its speakers don39。s 12 million population. 正確答案是 Questions 13 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. 13. As a result of the agreement, the two countries39。122 million for Iraqi people. C. provide each Iraqi family with 39。s attitude towards the cure of gambling addiction is ____. A. unclear. B. uncertain. C. optimistic. D. pessimistic. 正確答案是 5. Throughout the talk, the speaker examines the issue of gambling in a ____ way. A. balanced B. biased C. detached D. lengthy 正確答案是 SECTION B. INTERVIEW Questions 6 to 10 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview. 6. What strikes the woman most about the male robber is his ____. A. clothes. B. age. C. physique. D. appearance. 正確答案是 7. The most detailed information about the woman robber is her ____. A. manners. B. talkativeness. C. height. D. jewelry