【正文】 C. high selfimage and violence. D. high selfcontrol and violence. 正確答案是 12. The researchers would most probably agree with the following EXCEPT _____ A. selfesteem should be promoted and encouraged. B. schools should change their concept of selfesteem. C. the traditional view is beginning to lose ground. D. prisons should change their present practice. 正確答案是 TEXT B Social change is more likely to occur in heterogeneous societies than in homogeneous, simply because there are more diverse points of view available in the former. There are more ideas, more conflicts of interest, and more groups and anizations of different persuasions. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and tolerance in heterogeneous societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision rather than subjecting them to authority. In a quite homogeneous society, there are fewer occaions for people to perceive the need or the opportunity for change, because everything seems to be the same and, if not satisfactory, at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily (1) in the material aspects of the culture than in the nonmaterial, for example, in technology rather than in values。 to the human race, that is (8) to say, they consider the human infant to be geic programmed (9) in such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies (10) that just as human beings are designed to see threedimensitionally and in colour, and just as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as well formed human beings. PART 3 READING COMPREHENSION [40 MIN] SECTION A READING COMPREHENSIN [30 MIN] In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiplechoice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet. TEXT A ON SOCIETY Low selfesteem pops up regularly in academic reports as an explaination for all sorts of violence,from hate crimes and street crimes to terrorism. But despite the popularity of the explanation, not much evidence backs it up. In a recent issue of Psychological Review, three researchers examine this literature aat length and conclude that a much stronger link connects high selfesteem to violence. It is difficult to maintain belief in the low selfesteem view after seeing that the more violent groups are generally the ones with higher selfesteem, write Roy Barmeister of Case Western Reserve University and Laura Smart and Joseph Boden of the University of Virginia. The conversation view is that people without welfesteem try to gain it by hurting others. The researchers find that violence is much more often the work of people with unrealistically high selfesteem attacking others who challenge their selfimage. Under this umbrella e bullies, rapists, racists, psychopaths and members of street gangs and anized crime. The study concludes: Certain forms of high selfesteem seem to increase one39。英語專業(yè)八級考試模擬測試 TEM8 Practice Test 作者：佚名 PART 2 PROOFREADING AND ERROR CORRECTION [15 MIN] Proofread the given passage on answer sheet two as instructed. The following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a ^ sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unneccessary word, cross the unnecesary word with a slash / and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line. Example When ^ art museum wants a new exhibit, [1]an it buys things in finished form and hangs them on the wall. [2]never When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must [3]exhibit often build it. When a human infant is born into any munity in any part of the world it has two things in mon with any infant, pro (1) vided neither of them have been damaged in any way either be (2) fore or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born chil dren are pletely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is noth (3) ing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. With out care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to sur vive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet (4) within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes (5) for weeks or even months after birth, pared with the human infant they very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. (6) It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others that it reveals the second fea (7) ture which it shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now sug gest that language be 39。species specific39。s proneness to violence. An uncritical endorsement of the cultural value of selfesteem may therefore be couterproductive and even dangerous......The societal pursuit of high selfesteem for everyone may literally end up doing considerable har