【正文】 ve: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts。 ‖這位導(dǎo)師的嚴(yán)格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的 3 年半中，共有14 位學(xué)生被招進(jìn)他的實驗室，最后博士畢業(yè)的只剩下 5 人。因此，在他實驗室所招的學(xué)生中，除有一名來自德國外，其余 5 位均是亞裔學(xué)生。我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁?？夏岬峡偨y(tǒng)以來，里根是最成功地勾勒出美國藍(lán)圖的總統(tǒng)：一個軍事力量復(fù)興、富有個人進(jìn)取心、聯(lián)邦政府得以精簡的國家。自約翰 而最重要的一點是，他們的候選人是羅納德 例如，美國上下一片和平，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)這一競選要素也在經(jīng)過一段時間的衰退之后開始強(qiáng)勁反彈。這都是些跟著里根多年、久經(jīng)沙場的老將，他們跟共和黨則有更深厚的淵源，是這個國家里最熟悉總統(tǒng)政治的人。二話不說先遞名片反 倒顯得有些勉強(qiáng)。在這種場合陌生人相識，如果是亞洲人，他們往往開口之前先畢恭畢敬地用雙手把自己的名片呈遞給對方，這好像是不可缺少的禮節(jié)。 1996 年英語專業(yè)八 級考試 翻譯部分參考譯文 CE 原文： 近讀報紙，對國內(nèi)名片和請柬的議論頗多， 于是想起客居巴黎時經(jīng)常見到的法國人手中的名片和請柬，隨筆記下來，似乎不無借鑒之處。因為有時外面的世界會無情地侵入：比如汽油價格上漲，開發(fā)商把眼睛盯住尚未開發(fā)的農(nóng)田；那里充斥著兇殘和偏狹，大城市的種種卑劣行徑，小地方也一應(yīng)俱全。鄉(xiāng)鄰之間互相交換技能和勞動。 參考譯文： However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people pare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they bee. This parison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is ―important‖ and what is not. EC 原文 I, by parison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured the numbers on the money chart and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of freshgrown vegetables, linecaught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid babysitter for whose children my daughterinlaw babysits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self? I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups when they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖ Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities the eruptions of onestrangertoanother caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 參考譯文： 對我的幾個兒子來說，鄉(xiāng)村當(dāng)然有充足的新鮮蔬菜，垂釣來的魚，鄰里菜園和果園里可供分享的豐盛瓜果。史密斯夫人說過，女作家常常試圖修正現(xiàn)存的價值秩序，改變?nèi)藗儗Α爸匾焙汀安恢匾钡目捶?。有人把奧斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄欖。因此不少中國讀者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的聲譽(yù)。英語專業(yè)八級考試翻譯部分歷屆試題及參考答案 （ 19952022） 說明：本處提供的參考答案完全是為了教學(xué)、教育目的而制作，參考答案分別源自福州大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院英語系翻譯課程小組及鄒申主編的《新編高等院校英語專業(yè)八級考試指南》［ 2022，上海：上海外語教育出版社］（轉(zhuǎn)引自松園英文書院 《中國翻譯》等，供同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)、比較。 1995 年英語專業(yè)八級考試 翻譯部分參考譯文 CE 原文： 簡 .奧斯丁的小說都是三五戶人家居家度日，婚戀嫁娶的小事。 但一部小說開掘得深不深，藝術(shù)和思想是否有過人之處，的確不在題材大小。這不僅因為她的語言精彩，并曾對小說藝術(shù)的發(fā)展有創(chuàng)造性的貢獻(xiàn)，也因為她的輕快活潑的敘述實際上并不那么淺白，那么透明。 也許奧斯丁的小說能教我們學(xué)會轉(zhuǎn)換眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的敘述所涉及的那些不 小的問題。鄉(xiāng)下有不用付報酬便可 請來照看孩子的鄰居，作為回報，我兒媳也幫著照看其孩子。但比之更重要的是，你如何來衡量那靜謐與安詳？如何來衡量自我價值呢？ 我無意將小地方的生活理想化。不僅如此，當(dāng)人們無法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑惡現(xiàn)象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或?qū)⑺鼈兘忉尀楫愢l(xiāng)人的為所欲為，而又不得不承認(rèn)這一切是我們的一部分時，就更難以忽視它們。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒會，冷餐會是廣交朋友的好機(jī)會。然而，法國人一般卻都不大主動遞送名片，雙方見面寒暄幾句，甚至海闊天空地聊一番也就各自走開，只有當(dāng)雙方談話投機(jī)，希望繼續(xù)交往時，才會主動掏出名片。 參考譯文： In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way. 96 Version CE In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of various kinds offer good opportunities for making friends. On such occasions two strangers may meet. If they are from Asia, they tend to present with respect their own name cards to each other before they speak, which seems to be indispensable social protocol/etiquette. However, the French don’t do it that way. Instead of offering their visiting cards