【正文】 lent as an author was soon discovered, and when the time came to write the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776, the task of writing it was his, Millions have thrilled to his words: We hold these truths to be selfevident, that all men are created equal ... When Jefferson died on July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of American independence, he left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, who believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free. NEW WORDS Declaration n. document containing an open public announcement 宣言 [ ] n.[C][U] 1. 宣布 ,宣告 。 trust the young. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness. No society, he said, can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. The earth belongs to the living generation. He did not fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. How much pain, he remarked, has been caused by evils which have never happened! I expect the best, not the worst. I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind. Jefferson39。s homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France. Judge for yourself. Jefferson refused to accept other people39。在他看來，只有國民受過教育的國家才能永遠自由。他為國人留下了豐富的思想遺產(chǎn)及行為典范。千百萬人激動地 讀 著以下豪言：“我們認為這是不言而喻的真理，即人生來平等 ? ”。他的寫作天才很早就被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。 杰斐遜的諸種才能中，有一種是最突出的，那就是，他首先是一位優(yōu)秀的，不知 疲倦 的作家。他發(fā)明的一種耕犁比現(xiàn)存的任何一種都好。他是 農(nóng)學，建筑學和醫(yī)學方面的專家。” 杰斐遜的勇氣和理想主義是基于知識之上的。我期待著最好的事物，而不是最壞的事情?！彼慌滦滤枷耄膊慌挛磥?。“沒有一種社會，”他說，“能創(chuàng)造出一種永恒的憲法，甚至是一項永恒的法律?！? 相信未來，相信青年。他在給一位朋友的信中這樣解釋他的哲學思想：“任何問題都有兩個方面。正是 這種對立，而不是絕對的統(tǒng)一才使得自由得以存在?！? 做你認為對的事情。讓他們作出正確判斷?！安荒芤驗閯e人曾經(jīng)或者相信過某件事情，你就去拒絕或者相信此事”，他在給侄兒的信中寫道，“上帝賜給你一個判別正誤的大腦，您應該利用它?！? 自己作出判斷。杰斐遜有一次跟法國貴族拉斐特說：“您應象我那樣到老百姓家里去，看看他們的鍋里有什么，親口嘗一嘗他們 吃 的面包。那個時代，出身高貴的人除了向窮人發(fā)號施令外，很少與其說話。 您能從每個人身上學到知識。杰斐遜認為，一個自由的人不僅能從書本上獲得知識，還能從很多其他源泉獲得知識，并且，個人親自進行調(diào)查非常重要。他的很多思想對今天的青年一代尤其 具有吸引力。北京工商大學 專升本 會計學專業(yè) 大學英語 2 電子版復習課件 整理 :王和平 359076395 如果有發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤或補充請聯(lián)系我 .謝謝大家 所有資料 都可以下載 UNIT 3 TEXT 杰斐遜的遺訓 布魯斯 .布利文 也許 美國第三任總統(tǒng)托馬斯 . 杰斐遜不如喬治 .華盛頓和亞伯拉罕 .林肯那樣著名，但大部分人至少能記住一件有關他的事實，即他寫了《獨立宣言》。 盡管杰斐遜生活的時代距今已經(jīng) 二百多 年了，但我們今天仍能從他那里學到很多東西。以下是他曾說過和寫過的言論： 親自觀察。在他年青的時候，他被任命 為一個委員會的成員，負責調(diào)查詹姆斯河南端支流的水深是否可以通行大型船只，在其它委員會成員坐在州議會大廈研究有關文獻的時候，杰斐遜卻乘上一只獨木舟到現(xiàn)場實地觀測去了。論出身及所受的教育，杰斐遜均屬于社會的最高階層。然而杰斐遜卻想方設法找園藝工人，傭人及仆人交談。只要你這樣做了，你就會明白老百姓為什么不滿意，并且 理解那聲威協(xié)法國的革命。 杰斐遜絕不在未經(jīng)認真思考的情況下授受別人的意見?！? 杰斐遜感到人民“是完全可以信賴的，任何事情 無論真假都應該讓他們聽到。如果由我來決定，我們是應該有一個政府而不要報紙還是應該有報紙而不要政府，我將毫不猶豫地選擇后者。自由國家里總是會存在對立的思想，這就是力量的源泉。盡管杰斐遜很多年來一 直是 被猛烈抨擊的對象，他卻從未予以反擊。如果你選擇了一面并卓有成效地干下去，那么，選擇另一方面的那些人當然會怨恨你的舉動。 杰斐遜覺得，當今之事不應被那些毫無用處的舊習慣束縛住。這個地球?qū)儆诨钪囊淮?。“多少痛苦，”他評論道，“是由于并未發(fā)生的不幸?guī)?來的呀。我?guī)еＭ綋P帆，把恐懼拋在身后。也許他的學問在他那個時代無人可以比擬。他在莊稼輪作和 土 壤保持被人們廣泛認可前一世紀就已實行該技術了。他影響了整個的美國的建筑業(yè)，并且，他還不斷地制造出各種器械裝置，使得日常生活里的許多工作變得更加容易操作。目前正在首次 出版的他的作品全集將超過五十集。當1776 年在費城撰寫《獨立宣言》的時刻到來之時，執(zhí)筆的任務便落在了他肩上。 1826 年 7 月 4 日，即美國獨立 50 周年紀念日， 杰斐遜與世長辭了。美國的教育從托馬斯 . 杰斐遜那里得益甚多。 北京工商大學 專升本 會計學專業(yè) 大學英語 2 電子版復習課件 整理 :王和平 359076395 如果有發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤或補充請聯(lián)系我 .謝謝大家 所有資料 都可以下載 Jefferson died long ago, but many of his ideas are still of great interest to us. Lessons from Jefferson Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than Gee Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about his: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote. Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a mittee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the mittee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made onthespot observations. You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, You must go into the people39。s opinions without careful thought. Neither believe nor reject anything, he wrote to his nephew, because any other person has rejected or believed it. Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it. Jefferson felt that the people may safely be trusted to hear everything true and false ,and to form a correct judgment. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. Do what you believe is right. In a free country there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength. It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. Though Jefferson was for many years the object of strong criticism, he never answered his critics. He expressed his philosophy in letters to a friend, There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with decision and act on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions. Trust the future。s courage and idealism were based on knowledge. He probably knew more that any other man of his age. He was an expert in agriculture, archeology, and medicine. He practiced crop rotation and soil conservation a century before these became standard practice, and he in