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[英語(yǔ)]語(yǔ)法——語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)-展示頁(yè)

2025-01-18 15:07本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 A physicallyweak, thinfaced, greyhaired, darkskinned tall old Indian man is seated over there. 一位白發(fā)蒼蒼、面容消瘦、體質(zhì)虛弱、高個(gè)兒黑皮膚的印度老翁正坐在那兒。但有時(shí)為了結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,可將補(bǔ)語(yǔ)提前。 The use of puter makes possible the quick calculation of many figures that will previously take man years of hard work to do. 使用計(jì)算機(jī)能夠很快地計(jì)算出許多數(shù)據(jù),要是在以前,這得花費(fèi)人們好幾年的功夫去做。 When contented, and occasionally when hungry, cats frequently make a purring sound. 貓?jiān)诟械綕M足、或偶爾感到饑餓時(shí),總會(huì)發(fā)出嗚嗚聲。 We should subordinate our personal interest to that of the collective. 我們的個(gè)人利益應(yīng)該服從集體利益。 (3)形容詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 1)原級(jí) 比較 : as ? as。 the same ? as Mary is as tall as but not as / so strong as Jane. 瑪麗和瓊一樣高,但不如她身體結(jié)實(shí)。 2) 比較級(jí) 比較 : er than。 less ? than Why is there less traffic on the streets in February than in May? 為什么二月份的道路交通沒(méi)有五月份的那么忙? I’ m much busier today than I was yesterday. 我今天比昨天忙多了。 the most ? (of / among/ in ? ) Here are three motors. Which one is the biggest? 這兒有三輛車,哪 輛最大呢? China is the largest of all the countries in Asia. 中國(guó)是亞洲最大的國(guó)家。 The more pocket money Tom spent, the less(of it ) was left. 7). 比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí) : - er/ more+ adj./adv 原級(jí) than anyone else /anybody else/ any of the others Jack runs faster than anybody else / any of the other students/ any of the others in this class.= Jack runs fastest in this class. This kind of beast is more dangerous than any of the other beasts here.= This kind of beast is the most dangerous here. 8). 序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí) the first/ second biggest… The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 9). 與其。 What … that… Just as water is to fish, so air is to man. What wine is to French, that beer is to German. 19). perfect, excellent, unique, wrong, right, superior, inferior, senior, junior… (無(wú)比較級(jí)情況 ) 混淆形容詞的比較 Considerable (值得考慮的,相當(dāng)?shù)?), considerate (考慮周到,體諒人的 ), considered (深思熟慮的 ) Respectable (值得尊敬的 ), respected (受到尊敬的 ), respectful (畢恭畢敬的 ), respective (各自的 ) Imaginative (富有想象力的 ), imaginary (想象中的 ), imaginable (可以想象的 ) Convinced (確信的 ), convincing (令人信服的,肯定的 ) Sensitive (敏感的 ), sensible (明智的 ),insensible (無(wú)知覺(jué)的,沒(méi)有覺(jué)察的 ), senseless (毫無(wú)意義的 ) Satisfied (感到滿意的 ), satisfactory (圓滿的,令人滿意的 ), satisfying (令人滿意的 ) Beneficial (有益的 ), beneficent (仁慈的 ) Childlike(天真無(wú)邪的 ), childish(幼稚,不成熟的 ), childless (沒(méi)孩子的 ) Comparable(可比擬的 ), parative(比較的 ) Contemptible (可鄙視的 ), temptuous (表示輕視的 ) Continuous (不間斷的,連續(xù)的 ), continual (不時(shí)的,有間隔的 ) Desirable (稱心合意的,可取的 ), desirous (渴望 …… 的 ) Economic (經(jīng)濟(jì)的 ), economical (節(jié)儉的,精打細(xì)算的,經(jīng)濟(jì)的 ) Historical (有關(guān) / 基于歷史的,歷史學(xué)的 ), historic (歷史性的,歷史上有重大意義的 ) Electric (用電的,電動(dòng)的,發(fā) /帶電的 ), electrical (與電有關(guān)的 ), electronical (電子的 ) Intelligent (聰明的,有才智的 ),intelligible (可被理解的,易被領(lǐng)悟的 ) Healthy (健 康的 ), healthful (有益于健康的 ) 6 Ingenious (靈巧的,機(jī)敏的 ),ingenous (坦率的,單純的 ) Practical (實(shí)用的,實(shí)際的 ),practicable(可實(shí)行的,可用的 ) Regretful (懊悔的,惋惜的 ), regrettable (令人遺憾 /惋惜的 ) Worth (值得的,有價(jià)值的 ),worthy (值得尊敬 /重視的 ), worthwhile (值得花時(shí)間 / 精力的 ) Pleased (感到高興 / 滿意的 ), pleasing (招 人喜愛(ài)的,令人愉快 /滿意的 ), pleasant (令人愉快的 ) Troubled (受打擾的,操心的 ), troublesome (令人討厭 / 惱怒的 ) Tired (疲勞的,厭倦的 ),tiring (累人的 ), tiresome (令人厭煩的 ) Valuable (有價(jià)值的,貴重 /值錢的 ),invaluable (非常寶貴的,價(jià)值高得無(wú)法估量的 ), valueless (無(wú)價(jià)值的 ), priceless (貴重的,無(wú)法估價(jià)的 ), worthless (無(wú)價(jià)值的,無(wú)用的 ) 沒(méi)有比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式 的 形容詞: A. 只能作定語(yǔ)的表示 相對(duì)關(guān)系 的形容詞,如: former, latter, inner, outer, upper, elder 等。 C. 只能作定語(yǔ)的表示限制意義的形容詞,如: chief, joint, main, only, principle, sole, chemical, nuclear, solar 等。 E. 一些源自于拉丁語(yǔ)的形容詞,如: major, minor, senior (to), junior (to) , superior (to) , inferior (to), prior (to) 等。 (1) 副詞的種類及位置 1) 時(shí)間和頻度副詞:包括表示時(shí)間、頻度以及其他時(shí)間關(guān)系的副詞 如: now, then, yesterday, ago, before, just now, later (on), lately, recently, always, often, sometimes, hardly ever, already, yet, late, soon, at first, at last, immediately, right away 等。 下面以 ever 為例,說(shuō)明其用法: ever 可作“曾經(jīng)”解,多與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。如: as serious as ever = as serious as it has been at any time。 3) 方式 副詞:絕大多數(shù)由形容詞加詞尾“ ly”構(gòu)成表示行為的方式 如: anxiously, badly, bravely, absurdly, fluently, gratefully, intentionally, calmly, properly, carelessly, awkwardly, heartedly, slowly, softly, warmly 等。 a. 有些副詞不帶 ly 的形式表示具體意義,帶 ly 的形式表示抽象或引申意義 。 7 She is widely known as a good doctor. 作為醫(yī)生,她廣為人知。 They were deeply moved. 他們深受感動(dòng)。 b. 有些副詞不帶 ly 的形式為強(qiáng)化副 詞,帶 ly 的形式為方式副詞。 He lives cleanly. 他平日愛(ài)清潔。 She is prettily dressed. 她打扮得很漂亮。 c. 不帶 ly 的形式通常為后位副詞,帶 ly 的形式 通常為中位副詞。 We must firmly bear this in mind. 我們必須牢記這一點(diǎn)。 The word was rightly / wrongly spelt. 這個(gè)詞拼對(duì) /錯(cuò)了。 4).程度副詞 :有 much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, fairly, extremely, considerably, entirely, greatly, pletely, awfully, terribly, definitely, scarcely 等。 下面以 even, only, enough 為例說(shuō)明程度副詞的 幾點(diǎn)用法: a. even 的意義和用法 程度副詞 even 作“甚至;即使”解,緊靠在它所修飾的詞語(yǔ)之前。 b. only 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置 用以強(qiáng)調(diào)的副詞 only 通常緊靠在它所修飾的詞語(yǔ)之前。 He finished his essay only yesterday. 他只在昨天才寫完那篇文章。 She plays the piano well enough for a beginner. 作為初學(xué)者,她鋼琴?gòu)椬嗟孟喈?dāng)不錯(cuò)了。 Gee is not intelligent enough to pass this economics class without help. 喬治不夠聰明,沒(méi)有人幫助,他這門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課程他不會(huì)及格。 How are you getting along with your studies? 你最近學(xué)習(xí)怎么樣? 6) 連接副詞:可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)從句。 He wondered how he should do the job. 他不知道該如何來(lái)做這件事。 firstly, secondly; anyhow, anyway; again,also, too, besides, further, furthermore; moreover, next, then; equally, likewise,similarly 等; b. 表示總結(jié),如: thus, therefore, altogether 等; c. 表示解釋,如 namely; d. 表示話題轉(zhuǎn)換,如: incidentally, meanwhile, now, well 等; e. 表示結(jié)果,如: accordingly, consequently, hence, therefore 等 f. 表示否定的條件,如: or, else, otherwise 等; g. 表示讓步,如: however, nevertheless, only, still, though 等; h. 表示對(duì)比,如: alternatively, conversely, instead 等。 nevertheless, it is in good condition. 我的手表舊了,然而它走得很好。不過(guò),我們不愿走新路,因?yàn)槲覀冇X(jué)得走新路沒(méi)有舊路安全。 8) 關(guān)系副詞:用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 ,如 where, when, why。 Is that the reason why you didn’ t buy a new bike? 那就是你不買新自行車的
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