【正文】 in map. Up to date, the design is started really. The content includes the plane design, the vertical section design, the transect design and the choosing of position for bridges and culverts. The last step is choosing the better project and the choice should been made between the two routes which have been selected. In the part of detailed design, the first step is picking out one point four kilometers routes from the preliminary design. Concretely, the plane design is same as the preliminary one, the vertical section design has been adjusted before the volume of earth and rock. After this, subgrade, pavement and drainage (especially culverts) have been designed in stress. At the last step, we should pile the project budget. This design is primary about calculating architectural and installing cost. Keywords plane curve vertical curve culvert subgrade pavement budget 哈爾濱 工業(yè)大學畢業(yè)設計（論文） III 目錄 摘要 ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract........................................................................................................................ II 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................... 1 項目背景 .......................................................................................................... 1 我國的公路現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................. 1 道路建設的必要性及可行性研究 ................................................................ 2 自然情況對道路設計與施工的影響 ............................................................ 2 氣象、水文條件的影響 .......................................................................... 2 工程地質(zhì)、土壤植被的影響 ................................................................. 3 沿線植被及土壤分布情況 ...................................................................... 3 道路建筑材料及分布情況 ...................................................................... 3 第 2 章 初步勘測與設計 .......................................................................................... 4 道路等級的確定 ............................................................................................. 4 選線與定線 ...................................................................................................... 5 選線的原則 .............................................................................................. 5 選擇路線方案 .......................................................................................... 6 平面設計 .......................................................................................................... 7 起終點及各交點坐標、轉(zhuǎn)角的確定 ..................................................... 7 平曲線設計 .............................................................................................. 8 簡單圓曲線計算 .................................................................................... 8 帶有緩和曲線的平曲線計算 ............................................................... 9 縱斷面設計 .................................................................................................... 11 縱坡設計 ................................................................................................. 11 豎曲線設計 ............................................................................................ 11 豎曲線要素計算 ..................................................................................... 12 豎曲線起、終點及其上各樁號高程的計算 ....................................... 12 橫斷面設計 .................................................................................................... 12 路面、橋涵設計 ........................................................................................ 13 路面設計 ..................................................................................................... 13 橋涵設計 ..................................................................................................... 13 方案比選 ........................................................................................................ 14 路線方案比選的評價指標 ..................................................................... 15 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學畢業(yè)設計（論文） IV 路線方案的比選結(jié)果 ................................................................................ 16 第 3 章 詳細設計 ..................................................................................................... 17 詳細技術(shù)測量 ............................................................................................... 17 確定詳細設計的路段 ............................................................................ 17 等高線的加密 ........................................................................................ 17 詳細平面設計 ............................................................................................... 17 詳細縱斷面設計 ........................................................................................... 17 詳細橫斷面設計 ........................................................................................... 18 土石方計算與調(diào)配 ................................................................................ 18 路基設計 ................................................................................................. 19 道路排水設計 ............................................................................................... 19 路面排水設計 ........................................................................................ 19 路基排水設計 ........................................................................................ 20 邊溝、截水溝、排水溝設計 ................................................................ 20 涵洞設計 ................................................................................................. 20 路面結(jié)構(gòu)設計 ............................................................................................... 23 ◆ 瀝青混凝土路面設計 .......