語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)二：主謂一致16開-展示頁(yè)
2024-09-16 18:43本頁(yè)面
【正文】 who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果它指集體的成員，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若 none of后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù)；若它后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以。如： Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has e to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. either, neither, each, every 或 no +單數(shù)名詞和由 some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，都作單數(shù)看待。 / ② 由 and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前如果分別有 no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如： Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意 ：① 若 and所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，它后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。如： His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 注意 ：由 what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多數(shù)情況用單數(shù)形式，但若表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)或 what從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 （一）語(yǔ)法一致原則： 語(yǔ)法上一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在單、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。 9 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)二、主謂一致 在英語(yǔ)句子里，謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配，其動(dòng)詞必須和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個(gè)原則，即語(yǔ)法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原則。 以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 由連接詞 and或 both … and 連接起來(lái)的合成主語(yǔ)后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如： The writer and artist has e.。如： Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it. 主語(yǔ)為 單數(shù)名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有 with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式；若主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 注意 ：① 在口語(yǔ)中當(dāng) either或 neither后跟有“ of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（或代詞）”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如： None of us has (have) been to America. 在定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞 that, who, which等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。這些詞有 family, class, crowd, mittee, population, audience等。如： The police are looking for the lost child. 由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù) +名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語(yǔ)中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。 在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。
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