【正文】 ........................................................................................ 8 原料跨的布置 .......................................................................................... 8 爐子跨的布置 .......................................................................................... 9 精煉跨的布置 .......................................................................................... 9 3 物料平衡與熱平衡計算 ..............................................................................................10 物料平衡 ..........................................................................................................10 計算所需原始數(shù)據(jù) ...................................................................................10 物料平衡基本項目 ................................................................................... 11 計算步驟 ................................................................................................. 11 熱平衡計算 ......................................................................................................18 計算所需原始數(shù)據(jù) ...................................................................................18 計算步驟 .................................................................................................19 第 IV 頁 4 頂?shù)讖?fù)吹轉(zhuǎn)爐爐型設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................23 爐型選擇 ..........................................................................................................23 原始條件 ..........................................................................................................23 主要參數(shù)的確定 ...............................................................................................23 爐襯各層填充材料選擇 .....................................................................................27 5 生產(chǎn)工藝設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................28 煉鋼原料 ...........................................................................................................28 鐵水 ........................................................................................................28 廢鋼 ........................................................................................................28 鐵合金 ....................................................................................................28 石灰 ........................................................................................................28 螢石 ........................................................................................................28 生白云石 .................................................................................................29 其他 ........................................................................................................29 裝料制度 ...........................................................................................................29 供氧制度 ...........................................................................................................29 轉(zhuǎn)爐爐膛內(nèi)氧氣射流的特性 .....................................................................29 氧氣射流對轉(zhuǎn)爐熔池的作用 .....................................................................30 頂吹氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐的氧槍操作 ........................................................................30 造渣制度 ...........................................................................................................30 爐渣堿度的控制與石灰加入量的確定 .......................................................30 影響石灰熔解速度的因素 ........................................................................31 爐渣粘度的控制 ......................................................................................31 爐渣氧化性的控制 ...................................................................................31 泡沫渣及其控制 ......................................................................................32 放渣及留渣操作 ......................................................................................32 溫度制度 ...........................................................................................................33 出鋼溫度的確定 ......................................................................................33 冷卻劑及其加入量的確定 ........................................................................33 終點控制和出鋼 ................................................................................................34 脫氧制度和合金化 .............................................................................................35 頂吹氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼的脫氧方法 .................................................................35 合金化的一般原理 ...................................................................................35 6 轉(zhuǎn)爐爐體金屬構(gòu)件設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................37 爐殼設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................................37 支撐裝置設(shè)計 ....................................................................................................37 傾動機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 ................................................................................................38 7 氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐供氧系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................39 氧氣的供應(yīng) .......................................................................................................39 第 V 頁 轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間需氧量計算 ........................................................................39 制氧機能力的選擇 ...................................................................................39 氧槍設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................................39 噴頭類型與選擇 ...........................