【正文】 要 隨著日益加劇的能源與環(huán)境危機，人們開始尋求一種可再生的潔能源，太陽能則是較為理想的一種。太陽能作為清潔能源中的一種，具有無污染、無噪音、安全、占地少、儲量巨大等特點成為人們越來越關(guān)注的焦點。本文中所提到的聚光光伏技術(shù)是近些年取得較好成就的第三代光伏技術(shù)，聚光光伏技術(shù)在以上兩方面得到較大的突破。通過外延生長技術(shù)形成多節(jié)電池，令電池片光電轉(zhuǎn) 換效率達到前所未有的水平。 屋頂系統(tǒng)作為光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的一個重要應(yīng)用，其目的是通過發(fā)電模組與建筑、環(huán)境的有機結(jié)合，達到與主電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)發(fā)電或在偏遠無電地區(qū)實現(xiàn)獨立的發(fā)電微網(wǎng)。在我國推廣屋頂系統(tǒng)不僅是節(jié)能減排、解決偏遠山區(qū)無電人口的用電問題而且也是拉動內(nèi)需，讓進入寒冬的光伏行業(yè)復(fù)蘇的好機會。對其利用菲涅耳透鏡的聚光技術(shù)和屋頂系統(tǒng)做了詳細分析、仿真并對其未來發(fā)展趨勢做了展望。 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） II Abstract With the energy and environment crisis intensified, people began to seek a kind of clean and renewable energy ,and solar energy is a kind of ideal. Solar energy as a clean energy, has no pollution, no noise, focus on safety, less land occupation, huge reserves characteristics bee increasingly concerned. At present, photovoltaic technology have experienced amorphous silicon and thinfilm batteries two generation, photovoltaic power generation technology development so far due to the high cost and power efficiency is not ideal can not be universal. Concentrating photovoltaic technology mentioned in this paper is the third generation of photovoltaic technology in recent years made good achievements, concentrating photovoltaic technology in the above two aspects have great breakthrough. The core of concentrating photovoltaic is having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of Ⅲ Ⅴ battery and concentrating system. Growth technique to form a plurality of batteries by extension, the battery photoelectric conversion efficiency reached a hitherto unknown level. Condenser system is through the incident light converging to a surface of the battery and increase battery irradiance and light intensity, is effective to enhance battery photoelectric conversion efficiency approach. The roof system as an important application of photovoltaic power generation technology, its purpose is through the anic bination of power module and architecture, environment, and achieve the main grid power or in remote areas without electricity for independent power microgrid. The application has the massive in Europe and the United States and other developed countries, in China is currently in the individual demonstration project stage. In our country, the promotion of roof system is not only energysaving emission reduction, to solve the remote mountainous areas of electricity for the population without electricity problems but also stimulate domestic demand, let the good chance to enter the winter of photovoltaic industry recovery. This paper briefly describes the principles， advantages and characteristics of different technical routes of concentrating photovoltaic technology. Using the Fresnel 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） III lens condensing technology and solar roof system of CPV are analyzed in detail in this paper and makes a prospect to the future development trend of CPV. Key Words: concentrating photovoltaic（ CPV） , Fresnel lens condensing technology, solar roof system. 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） IV 目 錄摘 要 ..................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 ............................................................... 1 太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)的研究背景和意義 ..................................... 1 ................................................ 2 第二章 聚光光伏的原理及分類 ................................................. 5 聚光光伏的原理 ...................................................... 5 反射聚光原理 .................................................. 6 折射聚光原理 .................................................. 7 二次聚光 ...................................................... 8 Ⅲ Ⅴ族電池 ................................................... 8 追日系統(tǒng)及其他附屬系統(tǒng) .............................................. 9 追日系統(tǒng)原理 .................................................. 9 散熱及外部設(shè)備 ............................................... 10 第三章 菲涅耳透鏡聚光系統(tǒng) .................................................. 12 ................................................. 12 ................................................... 12 光線偏移對聚光光斑的影響 ..................................... 14 二次聚光及勻光技術(shù) ................................................. 18 二次聚光 ..................................................... 18 勻光技術(shù) ..................................................... 21 第四章 太陽能屋頂系統(tǒng) ..................................................... 24 目前的屋頂系統(tǒng) ..................................................... 25 基于聚光光伏的屋頂系統(tǒng) ............................................. 26 第五章 對聚光光伏的總結(jié)與展望 .............................................. 30 致 謝 .................................................................... 31 參考文獻 .................................................................. 32 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 1 第一章 緒論 太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)的研究背景和意義 太陽能（ Solar Energy），一般是指 太陽光 的輻射能量 ， 自地球形成生物就主要以太陽提供的熱和光生存， 廣義上的太陽能是地球上許多能量的來源，如風(fēng)能、化學(xué)能、水的勢能等等。但是化石燃料是有限的，據(jù)統(tǒng)計，截至 2020 年全球已探明的石油、天然氣儲量僅可適用 5060 年 [2] ，并且由于燃燒產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體、有害氣體和其他形式的污染導(dǎo)致了諸多環(huán)境問題、生態(tài)災(zāi)難。在化石燃料日益枯竭和環(huán)境逐漸惡化的今天 ， 人們看到了能源危機的陰云，并開始尋求替代化石燃料的新的清潔并可再生的能源。太陽的壽命尚有 40 億年，相對于人類歷史來說，太陽能可再生能源，可利用量巨