【正文】 ensor technology have brought about a ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ II new revolutionary change in the measuring instrument． The measuring instrument is tending to be multi． functions、 integrated and intelligent． Hole pans is one kind of ponents which is widely used in modem machine． Researching and developing this kind of measuring instrument for improving the assembling accuracy， extend the life of equipment is of great importance． This paper take the 10otive engine crankshaft hole as research object， and has developed a round aperture of automatic detection system． Based on the analysis of trends in the development of automatic detection system and the basis of follow principles that concluded convenience， practical and economical。 本論文設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)車 曲軸 圓度自動 顯示 系統(tǒng)與傳統(tǒng)儀器相比，在測量方法、 數(shù)據(jù)處理方式等方面有很大優(yōu)勢。該程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)了良好的人機(jī)對話、數(shù)據(jù)處理和存儲功能。 另外，本文還依據(jù) 差動變壓器 、步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作原理確定了選擇自動檢測系統(tǒng)器件的原則。選用 PLC 和步進(jìn)電機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)采集的精確控制。硬件設(shè)計(jì)采用了以現(xiàn)代傳感技術(shù)與信號處理技術(shù)為支撐的方案。 本文在分析了自動檢測系統(tǒng) 和數(shù)字顯示系統(tǒng) 發(fā)展趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上，遵循方便、實(shí)用、經(jīng)濟(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)原則，對軸瓦圓度檢測系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。軸瓦類零件是機(jī)械設(shè)備中廣泛應(yīng)用的一類零件，研究與開發(fā)孔類零件的測量設(shè)備對于提高設(shè)備的裝配精度、延長設(shè)備壽命具有重要意義。 河南機(jī)電高等?？茖W(xué)校 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 軸瓦的圓度測量 儀 系 部 : 自 動 控 制 系 專 業(yè) : 生產(chǎn)過程自動化 班 級 : 姓 名 : 學(xué) 號 : 指導(dǎo)老師 : 二零一二年五月 編 號 摘要 I 摘要 隨著計(jì)算機(jī)和傳感器技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，檢測技術(shù) 和數(shù)字顯示技術(shù) 發(fā)生了革命性的變化。檢測儀器儀 表正朝智能化、集成化、多功能化的方向發(fā)展。本課題以軸瓦 曲軸 為研究對象，開發(fā)了一種圓度自動檢測系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)硬件的核心采用了性價比較高的 PC 機(jī) 、 PLC、 AT89C5 AD574A 等 。該系統(tǒng)利用 差動變壓器 ， 實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù) 據(jù)的快速、高精度采集。 采用高性能的數(shù)顯電路進(jìn)行快速而精確的顯示。對于系統(tǒng)的軟件部分，主要進(jìn)行了實(shí)現(xiàn)控制操作和人機(jī)交互操作的程序設(shè)計(jì)。 在數(shù)字顯示部分通過比較獨(dú)立式按鍵和矩陣式按鍵的區(qū)別選出了一種最優(yōu)的鍵盤設(shè)置方式。利用本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行圓度測量 誤差 顯示 不僅可靠性高、實(shí)時性強(qiáng)，而且 顯示 精度也有了大幅提高。 the hardware and software of the system is designed． System hardware core adapts a cost． effective PC and the PLC． The hardware design took modern sensory technology and signal treatment technology as the scheme support． Choose eddy current sensor to gather the signals and realize high accuracy gathering of the data． And choose PLC、step． motor that can control the data acquisition accuracy． In addition， the paper determined high accuracy automatic detection system device principle which according to the principle of the eddy current sensor and stepmotor． The paper describes design method and application of Various modules forming the software system in detail． meanwhile a corresponding program is developed． This program realizes good manmachine interface function quickly and reliability signal processing function strongly date signal storage and transact function． Finally, four roundness error’s evaluation methods and basic principles are stated in this paper． Those methods include the minimum circumscribed circle、 the least square circle method、 the maximum inscribed circle and the minimum region method． Compared with traditional instrument， the measuring instrument designed in the papers has great advantages in the measurement method， data processing methods and so on． Using this system to measure roundness， can get a high reliability， real． time，and accuracy has also increased substantially． Key words： roundness； sensor； automatic measurement； MCS 目錄 i 目錄 第 1章 緒論 .........................................................................................................................1 選題的背景及意義 ..................................................................................................... 1 研究的意義 ............................................................................................................... 1 軸瓦曲軸檢測現(xiàn)狀分析 .............................................................................................. 2 圓度誤差檢測現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................... 2 曲軸檢測技術(shù)概況 ............................................................................................... 3 論文研究的內(nèi)容 ........................................................................................................ 3 第 2章 系統(tǒng)總體分析 ...........................................................................................................4 總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................... 4 自動檢測系統(tǒng)基本結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................ 4 曲軸圓 度自動檢測系統(tǒng) .............................................................................................. 5 數(shù)字顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 6 顯示部分 ................................................................................................................... 6 驅(qū)動電路的選擇 ........................................................................................................ 7 電源模塊選擇 ............................................................................................................ 7 工作原理 ................................................................................................................... 7 第 3章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................................8 二級管相敏檢波電路 ................................................................................................. 8 AD574A轉(zhuǎn)換器 ......................................................................................................... 9 AD574A的引腳說明及接口電路 ......................................................................... 10 AT89C51 芯片介紹 ................................................................................................... 12 時鐘電路 ................................................................................................................. 14 復(fù)位電路 ...........................................................................................................