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車輛工程文獻(xiàn)翻譯--車輛驅(qū)動(dòng)橋減速器噪音控制問(wèn)題的研究-展示頁(yè)

2025-05-26 15:55本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 on the bearings, caused by the role of box vibrate. Assessment of gear reducer (reducer above referred to) the standard level of quality is its main value of the noise. With the internationalization of product standards, the state value of the noise reducer to a more stringent limit, which requires the control of the noise reducer to study. Reducer Gear Reducer noise on Lowcarbon Alkilled hot rolled steels are extensively used for cold forming, cold rolling, enameling, and galvanizing applications. These steels are almost similar in chemistry but have significant variations in mechanical and microstructural properties. Nitrogen in solid solution strongly influences the mechanical and formability properties of the steel. The detrimental effects of nitrogen in steel are increased YS, lower ductility and toughness, higher impact transition temperature (ITT), and susceptibility to strain aging. The important properties of hot band for cold forming application are lower YS, lower yield to ultimate tensile strength (UTS) ratio, higher elongation and resistant to strain aging. [5] Gear machining error on the noise Reduced gear noise is to reduce and control the fundamental noise reducer. In order to reduce gear noise and gear required accuracy from the structural design aspects to consider. 1 lownoise gear design requirements. Gear noise effects on the structural design is important, the ideal design is: try to improve the tooth bending strength, choose the larger variable coefficient with the appropriate helix angle, the contact ratio increased, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing noise . 2 gear manufacturing precision of the noise. Of the standard series reducer for manufacturing precision gears noise determines its value. Gear39。 Side gears and plaary gears rotate the noise。 small bearing rotating the noise。s lives more and more popular, people vehicle noise, vibration, fort and other requirements are also increasing, The 5PK belt segment of length 40mm is pressed against theplate, which has identical grooves to the pulley for the Ksection belts. The pression of the belt segment and the grooved plate was achieved with a universal Zwick/Roell Z050 testing machine in the temperature chamber. The tests were conducted at four different temperatures, which enabled us to determine the influence of the temperature on the mechanical properties of the belt rubber. In Fig. 12 the pression force versus the deformation of the belt segment is presented. It can be assumed that the main deformation of the belt segment is due to the deformation of the soft friction rubber layer. Temperatures up to 80176。 [5] . Yeo, . Lui and V. Phung 《齒輪的安裝對(duì)減速器的噪音的影響》 材料工藝技術(shù)雜志,( 1992)第 29 期 , 41 至 46 頁(yè)。 [3] . Philip 《對(duì)于車輛驅(qū)動(dòng)橋主減速器噪音控制問(wèn)題的研究》 國(guó)際機(jī)械工具設(shè)計(jì)研究雜志,( 1971)第 11 期 , 133 至 144 頁(yè)。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] T. Vorm 《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)減速器》 國(guó)際機(jī)械工具設(shè)計(jì)研究雜志,( 1976)第 16期 ,241 至 250 頁(yè)。 本文對(duì)減速 器 產(chǎn)生的噪音主要從制造精度和裝配精度兩方面進(jìn)行分析。 ③ 按要求對(duì)減速器傳動(dòng)部件的清洗,避免在裝配過(guò)程中對(duì)傳動(dòng)部件的磕碰。因此在整機(jī)裝配中應(yīng)注意: ① 各級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)正常,保證嚙合側(cè)隙,齒面嚙合良好,注意定為零件 (如軸套 )的固定,避免齒輪端面的振擺等。生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中我們體會(huì)到軸承外圈與減速器箱體孔的配合間隙影響著軸承噪聲,當(dāng)孔與軸承外圈的間隙在 左右時(shí),能夠降低軸承對(duì)整機(jī)的噪音影響。 減速器箱體孔加工精度對(duì)噪聲的影響 箱體孔的加工精度對(duì)減速器的噪聲有著突出的影響。[4] 輪體偏心偏重對(duì)噪聲的影響 。 齒輪的運(yùn)動(dòng)精度是指?jìng)鬟f運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性,即齒輪每轉(zhuǎn)一周的轉(zhuǎn)角誤差最大誤差值不能超過(guò)一定限度。造成齒輪接觸不理想的原因有:齒向誤差影響齒長(zhǎng)方向接觸,基節(jié)偏差與齒形誤差影響齒高方向的接觸。 齒輪的接觸精度對(duì)噪聲的 影響 。 齒輪的工作平穩(wěn)性精度就是要求限制齒輪瞬時(shí)速比的變化,其誤差為齒輪每轉(zhuǎn)一周多次出現(xiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)角誤差,它使齒輪在嚙合過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生撞擊、振動(dòng)從而產(chǎn)生齒輪的噪聲,它是一種高頻的沖擊聲。具有較高工作平穩(wěn)性等級(jí)的齒輪不僅本身的使用壽命長(zhǎng),而且傳動(dòng)中的沖擊、振動(dòng)小,噪聲也就小,所以限制齒輪的工作平穩(wěn)性誤差是減少齒輪噪聲的關(guān)鍵。對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系列減速器來(lái)說(shuō),齒輪的制造精度決定著它的噪聲值。齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)噪聲的影響是很重要的,理想的設(shè)計(jì)是:盡量提高輪齒的彎曲強(qiáng)度,選擇較大的變位系數(shù)與適當(dāng)?shù)穆菪?,使嚙合系?shù)加大,從而達(dá)到降低噪音的目的。為了降低齒輪噪聲,需從結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與齒輪精度兩方面來(lái)考慮。隨著產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的國(guó)際化,國(guó)家對(duì)減速器的噪聲值作出了更加嚴(yán)格的限定,這就要求對(duì)減速器的噪聲控制進(jìn)行研究。減速器的噪聲是由于在它運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中機(jī)內(nèi)齒輪嚙合產(chǎn)生周期性的交變力對(duì)軸承、箱體的作用而引起的發(fā)生振動(dòng)。 4 齒輪的加工對(duì)減速器的影響 減速器的主要噪聲源是嚙合齒輪,影響它的主要因素有:設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),制造精度與它的工作條件。但是用這種方法,工藝上需要有修形設(shè)備, 廣大中、小廠往往無(wú)法實(shí)施。用修形的方法,使其動(dòng)載荷及速度波動(dòng)減至最小,以達(dá)到降低噪聲的目的。 減速機(jī)的噪音產(chǎn)生主要是源于傳動(dòng)齒輪的摩 擦、振動(dòng)以及碰撞,如何有效降低及減少噪聲,使其更符合環(huán)保要求也是國(guó)內(nèi)外一個(gè)重點(diǎn)研究課題。未獲得較好的嚙合間隙,首先需要對(duì)減速器殼體的主持安裝距離進(jìn)行測(cè)量,然后根據(jù)需要安裝的零部件的尺寸疊加值來(lái)確定調(diào)整墊的厚度。被動(dòng)齒輪首先裝配在差速器殼體上,由于被動(dòng)齒輪在差速器 殼體徑向的偏差會(huì)導(dǎo)致差速器裝配后被動(dòng)齒輪與主動(dòng)齒輪的間隙變化,所以被動(dòng)齒輪安裝到差速器殼體時(shí)需要使用止口進(jìn)行精確定位。裝配時(shí)可通過(guò)半軸齒輪墊片厚度的調(diào)整來(lái)獲得理想的嚙合間隙。 主動(dòng)齒輪軸向預(yù)緊調(diào)節(jié)是比較復(fù)雜的過(guò)程,在選取好合適的大或者小軸承內(nèi)外圈配合精度后需要根據(jù)實(shí)際主動(dòng)齒輪的啟動(dòng)力矩來(lái)不斷更換大墊片進(jìn)行反復(fù)拆裝,此種方法使產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程變得復(fù)雜和效率低下,所以多數(shù)企業(yè)為加快生產(chǎn)節(jié)拍提高生產(chǎn)效率,采用自動(dòng)選墊機(jī)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)該過(guò)程。 如果因?yàn)樾≥S承內(nèi)圈間隙配合產(chǎn)生主動(dòng)齒輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)擋油 盤(pán)或隔套或大墊片發(fā)生旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的錯(cuò)動(dòng),則會(huì)引起因軸向力變小而導(dǎo)致的軸向沖擊,并且這種沖擊在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)條件下會(huì)發(fā)出較大噪音。 根據(jù)噪音產(chǎn)生類型不同,生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中常見(jiàn)的控制方法有: 調(diào)整法蘭盤(pán)中間花鍵與主動(dòng)齒輪花鍵配合關(guān)系 因?yàn)榉ㄌm盤(pán)的作用是壓緊小軸承,抵消主動(dòng)齒 輪在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)受到的軸向作用力所以在選取法蘭盤(pán)內(nèi)部的花鍵配合性質(zhì)時(shí)需要選取小過(guò)渡配合以確保鎖緊螺母在鎖緊時(shí)能夠有效地傳遞鎖緊軸向力。 在主減速器工作過(guò)程中可能產(chǎn)生的噪音主要分為六種類型: 法蘭盤(pán)與傳動(dòng)軸連接后高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的共振噪音; 小軸承旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的噪音; 大軸承旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的噪音; 半軸齒輪與行星齒輪嚙合旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí) 產(chǎn)生的噪音; 主被動(dòng)齒輪嚙合旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的噪音;半軸齒輪中間花鍵與半軸配合旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的噪音。為對(duì) 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋單級(jí)主減速器噪音進(jìn)行有效控制,根據(jù)其產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)對(duì)該類主減速器進(jìn)行噪音產(chǎn)生分析并在該產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程中進(jìn)行過(guò)程控制研究。車輛驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 減速器噪音控制問(wèn)題的研究 摘要: 本文對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋單級(jí)主減速器噪音的來(lái)源和產(chǎn)生因素進(jìn)行了分類分析,并根據(jù)不同的因素和
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