【正文】 和現(xiàn)狀。 In the Song Dynasty, teahouses spread all over the cities and villages, at a rate parable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses ________paintings of celebrities or rare and precious plants ________(attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining much ________ (wide) popularity and being more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化植入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look.s leisure lives. 故填to solve。句意：在這個(gè)問題上沒有捷徑可走。故填who?？崭袂暗膖hose是代詞，意為“那些人”，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句做主語，修飾先行詞those指人，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用who。 （9）考查定語從句。固定結(jié)構(gòu)the+比較級... the+比較級...“越……就越……”，因此，比較級longer前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。 （8）考查冠詞。根據(jù)空格前的the和序數(shù)聞fourth可知，此處表示空氣污染是全球第四大死因，應(yīng)用high的最髙級。 （7）考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞air可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞air，表示“有毒的空氣”。 （6）考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用those指代那些在城市居住的人。 （5）考查代詞。句子的主語It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且publish這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。score“分?jǐn)?shù)，成績”，是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示語言和算術(shù)的測試分?jǐn)?shù)，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 （3）考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，showed是本句的謂語，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾名詞The research，主語The research和動(dòng)詞conduct之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用conduct的過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be responsible for固定短語，“對……負(fù)責(zé)，是……的原因”。 （1）考查介詞。s worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)研究表明空氣污染可能會導(dǎo)致人的智力下降，并且隨著年齡的增長，其可能會阻礙認(rèn)知能力。Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible ________ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research ________ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test ________ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (認(rèn)知的）performance . It ________ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people bee older.高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練 語法填空一、語法填空1．閱讀下列材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to ________ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year39。研究者們呼吁政府采取有效措施減少空氣污染。句意：科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，空氣污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。故填for。句意：世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進(jìn)行的研究表明，空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分?jǐn)?shù)大幅下降的原因。故填conducted。句意：世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)在中國進(jìn)行的研究表明，空氣污染是語言和算術(shù)考試分?jǐn)?shù)大幅下降的原因。故填scores。句意：這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》上。故填was published。句意：這項(xiàng)研究是對世界其它地區(qū)，尤其是對城市居民的一個(gè)警告。故填those。句意：超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū)，空氣污染是導(dǎo)致全球死亡的第四大原因。故填poisonous。句意：超過91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空氣的地區(qū)，空氣污染是導(dǎo)致全球死亡的第四大原因。故填highest。句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們接觸污染空氣的時(shí)間越長，他們的智力下降得越厲害。故填the。句意：對于那些超過60歲的人來說，這可能需要幾年的時(shí)間。 先行詞為those時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不能用that。 （10）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。There is no shortcut to do ，“沒有干某事的捷徑”，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，名詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，代詞，形容詞，冠詞，定語從句等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(不超過3個(gè)單詞)。A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments(茶點(diǎn)). Its function varies widely________(depend)on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place ________people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It ________(consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people39。 Chinese teahouses enjoy a longstanding history. They developed from tea ________(stand) in the Western JIN Dynasty, took shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed ________(gradual) in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became booming in modern times. Since reform and openingup, with the rapid development of the economy and evident improvement of people39。 （1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 （2）考查定語從句。 （3）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。 （4）考查名詞。 （5）考查副詞。 （6）考查介詞。 （7）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 （8）考查形容詞。 （9）考查冠詞。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，定語從句，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，副詞，介詞，形容詞，冠詞等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 important role in the history of Chinese nation, politics, religion, culture and Chinese language and became a symbol of China and Chinese people. s fragile spirits and hard life because people suffered from extreme natural disasters and lack________the supports from science. The________(important)of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it________(reflect)in people39。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。 （2）考查代詞。 （3）考查冠詞。 （4）考查形容詞。 （5）考查時(shí)態(tài)。 （6）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 （7） 考查定語從句。 helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell是限制性定語從句，先行詞為 （8）考查介詞。 （9）考查名詞。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，代詞，冠詞，形容詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，定語從句，介詞，名詞以及語態(tài)等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。4．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 According to Chinese speaking practice, lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male ________ a female, are ________(mon) seen in front of the gates of traditional building. It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ________ the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty from A. D. 25 to 220 with ________ introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, ________ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a divine animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has bee a symbol of ________ (brave), power and good luck. （1）句意：一對石獅子，一只雄獅子和一只雌獅子，一般在傳統(tǒng)建筑的門前能夠看見。 （2）句意：一對石獅子，一只雄獅子和一只雌獅子，一般在傳統(tǒng)建筑的門前能夠看見。故填monly。be regarded as被認(rèn)為是，此處為固定搭配，故填be regarded。images為名詞，it是人稱代詞，此處用形容詞性物主代詞its它的，修飾名詞。 （5）句意：最早的石獅子從公元25220年，隨著佛教流傳入古代中國，在東漢初期被雕刻出來。故填at。此處