【正文】 .我明天沒空。這里所說的“將來時間”是指“說話、寫文章那一刻以后的時間”。s Jim? 吉姆在哪里？ He just went 。例如：　　He got his driving license last month. 他上個月拿到了駕照。　　使用一般過去時，在某種意義上說就是要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在于過去的某個時候?！　∫话氵^去時由謂語動詞的過去式表示，也就是說動詞詞末要加ed（除不規(guī)則動詞外）。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般過去時的句子里常常有一個意義較具體的過去時間狀語。它也可以用來表示在過去某段時間里經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動作。　　用于一般現(xiàn)在時的副詞，除了上面提到的一些表示頻率的以外，常見的還有：now, today , nowadays等等。ll tell him the news when he es back. 他回來時，我將告訴他這個消息。　　4) 根據(jù)英文語法規(guī)定，當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，那么時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來要發(fā)生的動作。　　Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比聲音的速度快?！　he earth goes around the sun .地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)?！　☆櫭剂x，客觀的情況是沒有時間概念的；也不會在意動作進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)?！　y sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂于助人?！　hangjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長江是世界上最長的河流之一。例如：　　He can speak five foreign languages .他能說五種外語?！?）僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。I cycle to work every day .我每天騎自行車上班。例如：She doesn39。1 .You needn’t do it now .2 .You must finish your homework now .3 .We can do the work today .8 .They founded that hospital in 1996 .9 .Yesterday we played football after school .10 .People all over the world know the Great Wall .11 .He often helps his brother .一般現(xiàn)在時　1) 描述當(dāng)前時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.六、特殊情況 made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. never lets me watch TV .　　　　被動語態(tài)同步達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)】Ⅰ .單項(xiàng)選擇(選自各地中考題)( )1 .The medicine______in a dry and cool place . A .keep B .must keep C .must be kept D .must be keep( )3 .Today ,the forests have almost gone .People must______down too many trees . A .stop to out B .stop from cutting C .be stopped to cut D . be stopped from cutting( )5 .The key ______ for locking the classroom door . A .uses B .is used C .is using D .use( )6 .A new school______over there in two years . A .may build B .may be built C .is built( )8 .Computers are very useful .For example ,they can______sending A .use for B .be used of C .be used for D .use of( )9 .—What a nice garden !—It______every day . A .is cleaning B .has cleaned C .must clean D .is cleaned( )10 .This work ______next week . A .may finish B .finish C .finishes D .may be finished( )11 .My house______in 1995 .We have lived there for nearly five years . A .was built B .has built C .is built D .were built( )12 .The lost boy______early this morning . A .found B .was founded C .was found D .founded( )13 .That white building______two years ago ,but it is quite old now . A .built B .was built C .is built D .builds( )14 .The big tree______by my mother ten years ago . A .was planted B .planted C .has planted D .was planting【綜合能力訓(xùn)練】Ⅱ .用括號中動詞被動結(jié)構(gòu)的適當(dāng)形式填空。（3）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法（1）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語?！　　　his book was written by 。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Some new puters were stolen last night.　一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。現(xiàn)以speak為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。中考動詞八種時態(tài)、被動語態(tài)詳解練習(xí) 動詞八種時態(tài)、被動語態(tài)詳解練習(xí)及答案一、初中英語被動語態(tài)用法小結(jié)[1]一、語態(tài)概述：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。例如：Many people speak Chinese.　　　謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英語English是動詞speak的承受者。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?！∫话悻F(xiàn)在時：am／is/are＋spoken 　一般過去時：was／were＋spoken　一般將來時：will／shall be＋spoken　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am／is／are being＋spoken　過去進(jìn)行時：was/were being＋spoken　現(xiàn)在完成時：have／has been＋spoken　過去完成時：had been + spoken三、被動語態(tài)的用法：（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。（不知道電腦是誰偷的）　　This bridge was founded in ?！±纾篢he glass was broken by ?！　　　our homework must be finished on 。（2）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be＋過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式）。例如：All the people laughed at him.　　　He was laughed at by all people.　　　They make the bikes in the factory. 　　　The bikes are made by them in the factory.　　　He cut down a tree.　　　A tree was cut down by him.五、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)　含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。1 .English______widely______(use) in the world .2 .These pictures must (keep) well .3 .She______(fall) ill last night ,and she______(take) to the hospital at once .4 .Now rice and wheat______(grow) in my hometown ,too .Look !The crops__________(grow) fast in the fields .5 .The Great Wall (know) all over the world .6 .______the street lights usually ______(turn) on at seven in summer evening ?7 . ______this kind of car______(produce) in Wuhan ?8 .______the doctor______(send) for last night ?9 .We used a teapot before the thermos______(invent) .10 .Three children______(take) good care of by the nurse .11 .Some new houses______(build) by the villagers themselves .12 .What language ______(speak) in Japan ?13 .The black bike______(buy) in that shop three days ago .14 .The doctor said Jim must ______(operate) on at once .15 .The big tree______(blow) down in the storm last night .【創(chuàng)新備考訓(xùn)練】Ⅲ .將下列主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)?！　≡谶@種情景中，句子常帶有表示頻率的時間狀語：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的動作或狀態(tài)是習(xí)慣性的、經(jīng)常性的。t often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常給家里寫信，僅一月一封而已。It seldom rains here .這兒很少下雨?！　∵@里的目的是為了描述現(xiàn)階段的動作或狀態(tài)，其重點(diǎn)不是強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間、或進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)?！　hat is a beautiful city .那是座美麗的城市?！　ll my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球?！　?) 陳述客觀事實(shí)、客觀真理。例如：　　The sun rises in the east .日出東方?！　en minus two is ?！　he United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美國位于太平洋西岸。例如：　　I39?！　f you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.　　如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶?xì)節(jié)。 一般過去時主要是用來描述在過去某個時候發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。這一點(diǎn)在表達(dá)意義上與一般現(xiàn)在時相同，只是所在的時間區(qū)域不同而已。這也是它與現(xiàn)在完成時的最大區(qū)別之一。常和一般過去時連用的過去時間狀語有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。過去的時間概念有兩層意思：一是指現(xiàn)在某個時間以前的時間；二是指說話、寫文章的那